长江经济带湖北省人为源VOCs排放清单及变化特征

以人为源挥发性有机物（VOCs）为研究对象，以5类源活动水平数据为基础，采用排放因子法建立了长江经济带湖北省2018年人为源VOCs排放清单，并进一步研究了2009~2018期间工艺过程源VOCs排放特征及变化趋势.结果表明，湖北省2018年人为源VOCs排放总量为6.52×10⁵ t，约占全国总排放量的6.41%；化石燃料固定燃烧源、工艺过程源、溶剂使用源、移动源和废弃物处理源对湖北省的贡献分别为3.26%、76.39%、4.54%、14.72%和1.09%.涉及9个行业45个子类的工艺过程源在VOCs排放中占比突出，其中武汉市和宜昌市的VOCs排放量较高.从经济水平和区域面积分别分析了各市州工艺过程源VOCs排放强度，天门市和神农架林区单位GDP的VOCs排放量较高，而武汉市、鄂州市和天门市单位面积VOCs排放量较高.2009年VOCs排放量从2.45×10⁵ t逐年递增，2015~2017年趋于稳定，最大排放量达7.01×10⁵ t，2018年VOCs排放量降至4.98×10⁵ t，与全国人为源VOCs排放趋势相同.化学原料及化学制品制造业、橡胶和塑料制造业是其变化的主要驱动力，10年间贡献分别为33.85%~51.55%和7.07%~38.13%.其中化学药品原药、化学农药原药生产在10年间对VOCs排放贡献占据重要优势，而泡沫塑料生产排放量变化大，在2015~2017年突增到2.00×10⁴ t以上.湖北省在国家及地方相关政策引导下，重点行业VOCs减排效果显著.

VOCs Emission Inventory and Variation Characteristics of Artificial Sources in Hubei Province in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

In this study, a 2018 anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission inventory in Hubei Province was conducted using the emission factor method based on activity levels of five sources. The emission characteristics and variation trends of process sources from 2009 to 2018 were further analyzed. Total anthropogenic VOCs emissions were 6.52×10⁵ tons in Hubei Province, accounting for about 6.41% of the country''s total omissions. The contributions of fossil combustion sources, process sources, solvent sources, mobile sources, and waste disposal sources were 3.26%, 76.39%, 4.54%, 14.72%, and 1.09%, respectively. Process sources involving 45 sub-categories of nine industries accounted for a significant proportion of VOCs emissions, with Wuhan and Yichang recording the highest VOCs emission levels. The VOCs emissions intensity of each city and state were analyzed based the level of economic activity and territorial area. Tianmen and Shennongjia had higher VOCs emissions per unit of GDP, while Wuhan, Ezhou, and Tianmen had higher VOCs emissions per unit area. Regarding process source contributions, VOCs emissions increased progressively to 2.45×10⁵ tons in 2009 and then stabilized between 2015 and 2017 with maximum emissions of 7.01×10⁵ tons. In 2018, VOCs emissions decreased to 4.98×10⁵ tons. This trend was similar to national anthropogenic emissions. Two industrial sectors, namely chemical raw materials and rubber and plastics, were the main driving force with contributions of 33.85%-51.55% and 7.07%-38.13%, respectively. Among them, the production of chemicals and active pesticide and pharmaceutical ingredients played an important role in contributing to VOCs emissions, while emissions during foam plastics production varied greatly, increasing sharply to more than 2.00×10⁴ tons in 2015-2017. Under the guidance of the relevant national and local policies, emissions from key industries were significantly reduced in Hubei Province.