不同因素对人工湿地基质脱氮除磷效果的影响

在人工配制的污水中投入一定量的基质,不同条件下振荡培养,评价沸石、炉渣和陶瓷滤料3种基质在不同因素影响下对氨氮(NH4+-N)和总磷(TP)的吸附能力。结果表明,不同吸附时间时,沸石对NH4+-N的吸附效果最好,陶瓷滤料对TP的吸附效果最好;进水浓度对沸石吸附NH4+-N的影响较大,其吸附量随进水浓度的增大而增大,进水浓度对炉渣和陶瓷滤料吸附NH4+-N及炉渣吸附TP影响不大;3种基质对NH4+-N和TP的吸附量均是随吸附剂量的增加而降低,要达到较好的去污效果,应根据实验结果考虑基质投入量;pH值对沸石吸附NH4+-N影响显著,pH值6～7范围内吸附效果最好,pH值8～12的碱性条件有利于基质对TP的吸附。

Influences of different factors on effect of matrix nitrogen and phosphorus removal in substrates of constructed wetland

The three substrates of zeolite, blast furnace slag and ceramic filter were put into constructed sewage to evaluate their absorption capacity to the ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N) and total P (TP) under different influencing factors. The results showed that at different adsorption times, the zeolite had a best absorption capacity to NH₄⁺-N, and the ceramic filter had a strong absorption effect to TP.The concentration of sewage had a bigger effect on the absorption of zeolite to NH₄⁺-N, and the absorption amount increased with the concentration of sewage increasing, while it had little effect on the absorption of blast furnace slag to NH₄⁺-N and TP, and ceramic filter to NH₄⁺-N.The three substrates absorption amount to NH₄⁺-N and TP decreased with the adsorbent amount increasing. To achieve a better absorption capacity, tests results could be considered based on the substrate inputs. The pH value had a significant effect on the zeolite absorption to NH₄⁺-N, and it had a best absorption effect when pH was at 6~7,whereas when pH was at 8~12 (alkaline conditions),the matrix had a strong absorption to TP.