长江下游重点江段水质污染及对鱼类的毒性影响

通过对长江下游安庆、南京、镇江、南通４江段水质污染及其对鱼类毒性影响的调查监测可发现，长江下游江段主航道水质较好，符合国家地面水Ⅱ类水质标准．但近岸带水质由于受污染带的影响，水质污染较严重，其主要污染物为石油类和挥发酚等．上述这些污染物质对鱼类具有一定的毒性影响，其不但可引起鱼类的急性中毒，而且可诱发鱼类产生微核，并对鼠伤寒沙门氏菌ＴＡ９８菌株表现出一定的致突变性．同时在上述几个江段鱼体内可检出较高的蓄积性污染物的残留量．研究结果显示，长江下游江段正在遭受沿江诸多工业废水的污染，尤其是污染带的作用，并且这种污染对区域性渔业有一定的影响

WATER POLLUTION AND TOXICITY TO FISHES IN THE MAJOR AREAS OF THE LOWER REACHES OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

The investigations and tests on water pollution and toxicity to fishes in the major areas, such as Anqin, Nanjing, Zhenjiang and Nantong along the lower reaches of the Yangtze River indicate that the water quality of the main channel is fine and meets the state grade 2 standard for surface water. But the water quality along the river bank is polluted seriously with petroleum and volatile phenol as the main pollution substances. Those substances are toxic to fishes at a certain degree. They do not only cause the acute toxicity to the fishes, but also cause the micronucleus and mutation to the TA 98 . The accumulated substances and their remains are found in fish body. The lower reaches of the Yangtze River are mainly polluted by industrial wastewaters and the fishery in those areas will be affected by the pollution.