上海多自然型河流整治实践与探索

简要介绍上海河流整治的3个发展历程及各阶段的特征，总结了多自然型河流整治过程中基于河流整治的河流形态多样性保护与创建、生态护岸建设、生物多样性培育等技术研究成果，以及基于水质改善的水量水质数值模拟、水环境承载力评价、截污治污、水质修复等技术方法。以工程实例说明，河流形态多样化是创造河流生物生境的基础，生态护岸建设可以营造并促进生物生存环境改善，生物多样性培育可以恢复滨水生态系统，底泥疏浚与截污治污则是水质修复的基础与根本手段，水资源调度有效提高水环境承载能力，生物化学方法加快了水质修复的进程。最后，以多条河流的水质与生物监测结果说明不同技术在上海多自然型河流整治实践中的应用情况。

RESEARCH AND APPLICATION OF MULTI-NATURALNESS RIVERRESTORATION TECHNOLOGIES IN SHANGHAI

The development of three stages river restoration in Shanghai City was introduced and characteristics of each stage were presented.The technologies of multi-naturalness river restoration were summarized,such as river morphology,bio-technique for slope protection,biology multiformity,water quantity and quality mathematics simulation,water environmental capacity evaluation,wastewater collection and treatment,water quality restoration,etc.The research results show that the diversity of river morphology is the base for creating biology habitat,bio-technique for slope protection can improve the biology habitat,breeding biology multiformity can restore the riverbank ecosystem,sludge dredging and wastewater collection and treatment are the ultimate method for water quality restoration,water resource dispatching can improve the water environmental capacity and biochemistry method expedites the process of water quality restoration.The water quality and biology inspection data of some rivers in Shanghai City show the performance of different technologies for the multi-naturalness river restoration.