“十四五”我国VOCs排放总量控制方案研究与建议

我国大气污染防治工作已从以细颗粒物(PM_2.5)控制为主转变为PM_2.5与臭氧(O3)协同控制新阶段,O3已成为空气质量达标和持续改善的重要制约因素。挥发性有机物(VOCs)是生成臭氧的重要前体物之一,大幅削减VOCs的排放量是现阶段O3污染防治的关键。本文基于“十四五”我国VOCs排放的预测结果,提出了VOCs总量控制的总体思路、范围和技术路线,设计了VOCs排放总量控制方案,确定了总量分配指标和指标权重,进一步得出各省(区、市)2025年控制情景下VOCs排放的削减率、削减量以及排放总量,并以此为基础对“十四五”时期VOCs总量控制提出了以区域总量控制为主,结合重点行业、重点企业集群实施总量控制;强化重点行业、重点企业、集群或园区综合治理;建立以环境质量为核心,综合VOCs排放量核查核算及减排绩效评估的考核体系;同时提出了建立市场化的减排机制和舆论监督的实施机制等建议。

China′s Total VOCs Control Program Research and Suggestions during the 14th Five-Year Period

At present,China′s air pollution prevention and control work has changed from fine particulate matter(PM_2.5)control to the new stage of coordinated control of fine particulate matter(PM_2.5)and ozone(O3),O3 has become an important constraint to meet air quality standards and sustained improvement.Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs)is one of the important precursors of ozone generation,so a substantial reduction of VOCs emissions is the key to O3 pollution control at the present stage.Based on the prediction results of VOCs emissions in China during the 14th Five-Year period,this paper proposed the overall idea,control range and technical route of total VOCs control,designed the total VOCs control program,determined the total allocation index and index weight.Furthermore,obtaining the reduction rate,reduction amount and total VOCs emissions for provinces(regions and municipalities)under the control scenario in 2025,and accordingly put forward the suggestions for the total VOCs control during the 14th Five-Year period,such as focus on regional total control,combined with key industries and key enterprise clusters to implement total control;strengthen the comprehensive management of key industries,key enterprises,clusters or parks;establish a comprehensive evaluation and assessment system with environmental quality as the core,comprehensive VOCs emissions verification and calculation methods and emission reduction performance evaluation methods;establish market-oriented emission reduction mechanisms and public opinion supervision implementation mechanisms and other corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.