啶氧菌酯对斑马鱼的安全性评价及其生物富集行为研究

啶氧菌酯是一种新型的内吸性杀菌剂，本研究对其水生生物的毒性和累积风险进行了评估。啶氧菌酯原药对斑马鱼的急性毒性试验结果显示，96 h-LC₅₀为0.0509 mg a.i. L^-1。设置0.005 mg L^-1(1/100LC₅₀)和0.05 mg L^-1(1/10LC₅₀)2个浓度8 d生物累积试验。在0.005 mg L^-1组，第8天斑马鱼体内啶氧菌酯浓度达到0.48 mg kg^-1，生物富集系数(BCF_{8 d})缓慢增长到80.00。而在0.05 mg L^-1组，第8天斑马鱼体内的啶氧菌酯浓度为5.27 mg kg^-1，BCF_{8 d}值为99.42。研究表明，啶氧菌酯对斑马鱼为有剧毒，同时具有中等生物累积效应。因此在使用过程中，需要考虑其对水生生物的毒性和水生食物链的放大效应。

Study on the Biotoxicity and Bioaccumulation of Picoxystrobin in Brachydanio rerio

Picoxystrobin is a broad-spectrum fungicide and will be used extensively in China in the future. To evaluate its risk in aquatic environment, the biotoxicity and bioaccumulation in Brachydanio rerio were studied in the present work. The 96 h-LC₅₀ was 0.0509 mg a.i. L^-1 by acute toxicity test with Brachydanio rerio. 0.005 mg L^-1 (1/100LC₅₀) and 0.05 mg L^-1 (1/10LC₅₀) were used to evaluate the biological availability of picoxystrobin in Brachydanio rerio. In the 0.005 mg L^-1 group, the concentration of picoxystrobin increased on the first day and increased moderately later. The concentration was 0.48 mg kg^-1 in Brachydanio rerio and the bioaccumulation factor (BCF_{8 d}) was 80.00. In the 0.05 mg L^-1 group, the concentration of picoxystrobin increased in the first few days and reached stable in 96 h. The concentration was 5.27 mg kg^-1 in Brachydanio rerio and BCF_{8 d} was 99.42. The results showed that picoxystrobin was of high toxicity to Brachydanio rerio and medium bioconcentration in Brachydanio rerio. Therefore, the toxicity, bio-accumulation and magnification of picoxystrobin in food chain should be considered during its application.