城市饮用水源地水质健康风险评价

介绍饮用水水源受到基因毒物质和躯体毒物质所致的健康危害的风险度计算模型,并应用于西安市饮用水源地饮水途径健康风险评价,分别计算出了各类污染物的风险度。结果表明：（1）基因毒物质镉所致健康风险大约为10^-7a^-1,躯体毒物质所致风险在10^-12～10^-10之间。所以,基因毒物质是首先控制的污染物质。（2）对于躯体毒物质,铅的风险度是最高的,躯体毒物质所致的风险度大小排序为Pb〉NH3-N〉Hg〉挥发酚。（3）饮用水中的所有有害物质的健康危害总风险度未超过国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）推荐的最大可接受限值5.0×10^-5a^-1,也没超过瑞典环保局、荷兰建设和环境部推荐的最大可接受水平6.0×10^-5a^-1。研究结果可直接确定该市地表水源水质的风险污染物的主次及治理的优先顺序,为该市地表水源水质风险管理提供了帮助。

Water Quality Health Risk Assessment for Urban Water Supply Sources

Some mathematical models for surface water quality health risk assessment is established to calculate risk values caused by gene toxic substances and non-gene toxic substances by drinking water,and it is applied to assess the quality of water supply sources in Xi＇an city.Results indicate that（1）The health risk caused by gene toxic substances Cd about 10^-7 a^-1 and caused by non-gene toxic substances ranges from 10^-12 to10^-10 a^-1,therefore,gene toxic substance is the pollutant of highest control priority;（2）For non-gene toxic substances,Pb is the highest priority pollutant in the surface water supply sources;the ranking of risk values of risk due to non-gene toxic substances by drinking water is Pb〉NH3-N〉Hg〉hydroxybenzene.（3）The total health risk caused by all pollutants for the surface water supply sources is lower than the value recommended by ICRP and the standards recommended by the Sweden Bureau of Environment Protection and the Holland Ministry of Building and Environment Protection.The research results can make sure the primary and secondary of the risk pollutant and priority fathering and it can provide important information for water quality risk management in the surface water supply sources in the city.