高速铁路声屏障对居民环境影响的试验研究

以3种结构的高速铁路声屏障为研究对象,测量了高速列车通过有声、无声屏障两种状态下8个测点的声压值,并计算各测点等效连续A计权声压和声屏障的隔声量,结合GB 3096—2008《声环境质量标准》中规定的环境噪声限值进行声屏障结构对高速铁路周边居民的声环境影响评价。试验分析结果表明:声屏障不同程度改善了居民的声环境;由于试验所用的3种结构的声屏障隔声量离一般设计要求(20～25dB)相差太远,使得高速铁路周边环境噪声高于国家标准规定限值;声屏障结构改进应着力提高中低频噪声的隔声量。

THE EXPERIMENT RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT ON INHABITANTS' ENVIRONMENT OF HIGH SPEED RAILWAY SOUND BARRIERS

Three kinds of structures of the high speed railway sound barriers are taken as the research object.Combining with the noise limit in "Acoustic Environment Quality Standard"(GB 3096—2008),the evaluation of the impact on residents' environment of high speed railway sound barriers is carried out through measuring the eight points sound pressure values when the high-speed train is passing the measurement set and calculating equivalent continuous A-weight sound pressure level of every measurement point and the sound insulation amount of sound barriers.Three conclusions are obtained through experiment and calculating.Firstly,sound barriers help improving the inhabitants' environment;secondly,the sound pressure level of environment noise around high speed railway is higher than the national standard limits because of the sound insulation amount of the three test sound barriers is too small compared with the general design requirements(20~25dB);lastly,sound barriers should be improved towards the direction of increasing the sound insulation amount of middle and low frequency noise.