论我国用汞总量的削减

分析比较了我国的用汞数量、世界汞的产量及用量的统计数据,从汞本身的污染危害性,我国用汞和污染现状及发展趋势,以及应对全球限汞、禁汞趋势等方面论述了我国用汞总量亟待削减和削减的可行性。并以体温计行业为例,提出了我国削减用汞总量的具体建议:控制生产规模,慎批新建涉汞加工利用的生产项目,并逐渐淘汰生产规模过小的企业;充分运用法律和行政管理手段,逐渐提升对涉汞企业的要求,将最低环保门槛与择优审批相结合;严格限制某些含汞产品的销售和使用;大力推广替代产品和技术;组织对废弃产品中的汞进行集中回收和处置;修订和制订相关涉汞标准;制订我国涉汞行业的用汞削减规划和相应的产业调整计划,逐步限汞,最终禁汞。 

Mercury Consumption Abatement in China

The quantities used in China and global statistical data for mercury production and consumption are compared and analyzed.Based on the polluting character of mercury itself,the present situation and trend of mercury use and pollution in China,and the response to global limiting or banning of mercury use,the feasibility for abatement of the total mercury used in China is reviewed.Taking the clinical thermometer industry as an example,detailed proposals are put forward to cut the total mercury used in China,including to control the scale of mercury production as well as new projects related to mercury processing and use and to phase out small-scale enterprises;to take the legal and administrative measures to improve the requirements for enterprises addressing mercury,combining the lowest requests for environmental protection with the selection of better enterprises to authorize;to strictly limit the mercury selling and utilization;to strongly extend the substitute products and technologies;to reclaim and dispose the mercury from the waste products in centralized area;to revise or establish standards addressing mercury;and to develop the abatement plan for mercury use and the industrial adjustment plan to limit and ultimately eliminate the mercury use in China.