复杂河流水体能值转换率研究

以含有水利工程和支流汇入的复杂河流为研究对象，在考虑了可更新资源、不可更新资源、经济社会反馈和负产出投入能值的基础上，建立了水库水体能值转换率数学模型；考虑水量和能值平衡，建立了支流汇入后干流水体能值转换率数学模型，进而提出了复杂河流水体能值转换率的计算方法，经计算，六冲河干流夹岩水库入库河水化学能平均能值转换率由4.85×10⁴ sej/J增至下泄后的1.15×10⁵ sej/J，经过支流白甫河的汇入，汇入点至洪家渡水库间的干流水体能值转换率变为8.87×10⁴ sej/J.实例研究表明：水利工程的作用和支流的汇入，使得干流水体能值转换率存在空间差异.受水利工程影响后，干流水体能值转换率显著增加；受支流汇入影响后，干流水体能值转换率介于支流和汇入点前干流水体能值转换率之间.

Emergy transformity of river in complex river

This paper studied the energy transformity of water in complex rivers with both hydraulic engineering and tributary inflows. A mathematical model of energy transformity of reservoir water was established by considering the renewable resources, non-renewable resources, economic and social feedback and negative output input-energy value. A mathematical model of energy transformity of main stream water after tributary inflow was established by considering the water and energy balance. The calculation method of energy transformity of complex river water was presented. The Jiayan Reservoir located at Liuchong River and the Baifu River (i.e., a branch of Liuchong River) were taken as examples to verify the method. The results showed the average chemical emergy transformity of Jiayan Reservoir was increased from 4.85×10⁴ sej/J in the inflow to 1.15×10⁵ sej/J in the outflow. With this case study, it was illustrated that:due to the effect of hydraulic engineering and the influx of tributaries, there were spatial differences in the energy transformity of the main stream. With the hydraulic engineering, the energy transformity of the main stream improved significantly. With the influx of tributaries, the energy transformity of the main stream was between that of the tributary and that of the main stream before the junction point.