2015年海南省火电行业大气环境影响研究

基于火电企业在线监测数据、环境统计数据、排污许可及火电排放清单等,分析各统计口径下的海南火电大气污染物排放量差异,并基于在线监测数据分析海南省火电排放时间变化规律.分别设置现状、排污许可及超低排放3种情景,采用CALPUFF模型分析3种情景下火电厂对海南大气环境的影响.结果显示,不同统计口径下火电厂各污染物排放量差异较大,最大差值可达到5.65倍;在时间维度上,海南省火电行业污染物排放量月际分布较平稳,每月污染物排放量约占全年的7%~10%,24h变化呈现明显“两峰两谷”特征.在大气环境影响方面,火电企业大气SO₂、NO_x、PM_2.5、PM₁₀浓度分布总体呈现西部高东部低的趋势.现状情景下火电企业对各城市年均浓度影响范围为SO₂ 0.001~0.015μg/m³、NO_x 0~0.01μg/m³、PM₁₀ 0.001~0.006μg/m³、PM_2.5 0~0.003μg/m³,最高浓度基本出现在东方市、临高县.火电厂对大气环境的影响程度为许可情景>现状情景>超低情景,执行排污许可时火电厂排放PM₁₀和NO_x对各城市均值年均浓度较现状情景分别增加50%和38%;全面实施超低排放后,火电厂对大气环境影响有明显改善,SO₂和PM_2.5对各城市均值年均浓度较现状情景分别降低57%和69%.

Air quality impacts of power plant emissions in Hainan Province, 2015

Based on the continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS), environmental statistics, pollutant discharge permit and emission inventory of power plants in Hainan Province in 2015, the difference of pollutant emissions from power plants in Hainan under different methods was analyzed, and the variation rule of power plants emissions was acquired. In this paper, three situations including current situation, pollutant discharge permit situation and ultra-low emission situation were considered, and impacts of power plants on the air quality of Hainan province under three situations were simulated using CALPUFF model. The results showed that the emissions of various pollutants from power plants vary greatly under different statistical methods, and the maximum difference can reach 5.65times. In the time dimension, the monthly distribution of pollutant emissions from thermal power industry was relatively stable ranging from 7% to 10% and 24-hour fluctuation was characterized by "two peaks and two valleys". In terms of air quality, the concentration distribution of SO₂, NO_x, PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ generally showed a trend of high in west and low in east. Under current situation, the impacts of power plants on the average of annual concentration of each pollutant were SO₂ 0.001~0.015μg/m³、NO_x 0~0.01μg/m³、PM₁₀ 0.001~0.006μg/m³、PM_2.5 0~0.003μg/m³, and most of the highest concentration occurred in Dongfang and Lingao. The degree of impact of power plants on the atmospheric environment was permit > current > ultra-low. When the pollutant discharge permit is implemented, the annual average concentration of PM₁₀ and NO_x emitted from power plants increases by 50% and 38%, respectively, compared with the current situation. After the full implementation of ultra-low emission, there is a significant improvement in the air quality, with the annual average concentration of SO₂ and PM_2.5 for each city reduced by 57% and 69%, respectively, compared with the current situation.