华南地区薇甘菊叶片挥发性有机化合物的空间差异研究

外来入侵植物薇甘菊对华南地区的生态环境造成严重危害,为探讨薇甘菊叶片挥发性有机化合物在华南地区的空间差异,运用GC-MS分析了华南地区23个不同地理种群230个薇甘菊植株叶片挥发性有机化合物的组分,并用峰面积归一化法计算各组分相对含量;利用线性混合模型分析不同地理种群的气候环境因素对薇甘菊叶片挥发性有机化合物含量的影响;采用聚类分析和主成分分析23个不同地理种群薇甘菊叶片挥发性有机化合物组分的特征。结果表明:利用GC-MS从薇甘菊叶片中鉴定了42种挥发性有机化合物,其主要成分为β-荜澄茄油烯(24.63%)、β-石竹烯(16.81%)、大香叶烯D(10.47%)、α-古芸烯(9.95%)和α-姜烯(9.77%);线性混合模型分析结果显示经度、纬度、海拔高度和温度可显著影响薇甘菊叶片中5种主要挥发性有机化合物的含量;聚类分析和主成分分析表明薇甘菊叶片挥发性有机化合物组分表现出较强的地域特征。研究结果可为阐明薇甘菊的入侵机制及防控措施的制定提供理论与实践参考。

Study on the Spatial Difference of Volatile Organic Compounds in Leaves of Mikania micrantha Kunth in South China

The invasive plant Mikania mikania has caused serious damage to ecological environment in south China,in order to investigate the spatial differences of volatile organic compounds in M.mikania leaves,the foliar volatile organic compounds were analyzed by GC-MS in 230 individuals of 23 different geographical populations in South China.The peak area normalization method was used to calculate the relative content of each volatile organic compound.A linear mixed model was employed to investigate effects of climatic and environmental factors on contents of volatile organic compounds in M.mikania leaves.The characteristics of the volatile organic compounds in leaves of 23 different geographic populations of M.mikania were analyzed using cluster analysis and principal component analysis.The results show that forty two chemical compounds were identified,among which the main components wereβ-cubebene(24.63%),β-caryophyllene(16.81%),Germacrane D(10.47%),α-gurjunene(9.95%)andα-zingerene(9.77%).The mixed linear model analysis showed that the longitude,latitude,altitude and temperature in the sampling locations have significant effects on the top five volatile organic compounds in the leaves of M.mikania.Cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed that the volatile organic compounds in M.micrantha leaves display strong dependence on the region.These results can provide a theoretical and practical reference for clarifying the invasion mechanism and measures for the prevention and control of M.micrantha.