Reducing emissions from in-use vehicles: an evaluation of the Phoenix inspection and maintenance program using test results and independent emissions measurements |
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| Authors: | Tom |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering, University of Granada, Spain;2. Department of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, University of Granada, Spain;3. Universidad Nacional de Colombia — Sede Bogotá, Instituto de Estudios Ambientales, Colombia;1. Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil;2. Rehabilitation Department, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Biomedical Engineering Department, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, São João del-Rei, Brazil;4. Biochemistry Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Various federal regulations require states to evaluate the effectiveness of their vehicle inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs in reducing in-use emissions. One method to evaluate program effectiveness is to compare initial and final program test results of individual vehicles. Unscheduled emissions measurements, from remote sensing measurement or roadside pullover testing, can also be used to provide an independent assessment of program effectiveness. We compared emissions reductions from the Arizona IM240 program measured by program data and a large set of remote sensing measurements. Remote sensing measurements indicate smaller emission reductions from the program than those calculated directly from program test results. We discuss some possible causes of the differences obtained from the two sets of measurements. |
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| Keywords: | Evaluation Inspection and maintenance Vehicle emissions Vehicle repairs |
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