Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene sequences support an Asian origin for the Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata |
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Authors: | D Ó Foighil P M Gaffney A E Wilbur T J Hilbish |
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Institution: | (1) Museum of Zoology and Department of Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1079, USA, US;(2) College of Marine Studies, University of Delaware, Lewes, Delaware 19958, USA, US;(3) Delle W. Baruch Institute, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA, US |
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Abstract: | The Portuguese oyster Crassostrea angulata (Lamarck, 1819) was long assumed to be native to the northeastern Atlantic, however, a number of lines of evidence now indicate
that it is a close relative, or identical, to the Asian Pacific oyster C. gigas (Thunberg, 1793). Three hypotheses have been proposed to explain how this strikingly disjunct geographic distribution may
have come about: ancient vicariance events, recent anthropogenic introduction to Asia and recent anthropogenic introduction
to Europe. We have performed a molecular phylogenetic analysis of C. angulata based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data for a 579-nucleotide fragment of cytochrome oxidase I. Our results show that Portuguese
oyster haplotypes cluster robustly within a clade of Asian congeners and are closely related, but not identical, to C. gigas from Japan. The mitochondrial data are the first to show that Portuguese oysters are genetically distinct from geographically
representative samples of Japanese Pacific oysters. Our phylogenetic analyses are consistent with a recent introduction of
C. angulata to Europe either from a non-Japanese Asian source population or from a subsequently displaced Japanese source population.
Genetic characterization of Pacific oysters throughout their Asian range is necessary to fully reveal the phylogenetic relationships
among Portuguese and Pacific oysters.
Received: 15 April 1997 / Accepted: 12 February 1998 |
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