我国流域省际横向生态补偿机制初探-以九洲江和汀江-韩江流域为例

横向生态补偿作为生态补偿的一种重要方式,在补偿方式上更多地引入市场机制,更加灵活和有效。在流域横向生态补偿方面,2016年3月广东分别与广西、福建签订了关于九洲江、汀江-韩江的流域上下游横向生态补偿协议,首次构建了跨省水环境保护的合作机制。本文通过分析广东省与邻省(区)的流域横向生态补偿案例,重点探讨粤桂和粤闽开展流域横向生态补偿的形式、特点、绩效及存在的问题,认为存在流域生态补偿的法律基础薄弱,补偿资金的设定缺乏定量的科学依据,政策之间缺乏协调等问题,提出因地制宜地创设多种补偿模式,科学制定流域横向生态补偿的量化标准,鼓励采用多元化的补偿方式等建议。

Study on the Interprovincial Horizontal Ecological Service Payment of Basin-the case of Guangdong Province

As an important means of ecological service payment, horizontal ecological service payment introduces more of the market mechanism and is more flexible and efficiency. In March 2016, Guangdong province signed the horizontal ecological service payment agreement with the upstream province as Guangxi and Fujian respectively, which is the first interprovincial cooperation mechanism of water environmental protection. Taking the case of horizontal ecological service payment between Guangdong and its neighbor province, this paper focused on the forms, charasteristics, performance and problems of ecoloigcal compensation. And found that lack of law foundations and scientific base of payment fund as well as the harmonization of policies are the key problems. The suggestion is to create multi-level payment modes and means, scientifically set the payment fund and encourage etc.