钢铁企业无组织排放特征污染物的监测分析

东部老工业区是济南市大气污染重点防控区域。工业区大型企业的无组织排放废气对区域及周边大气环境质量产生的影响,一直没有引起人们的足够重视,因对其排放量大小和污染物种类不清楚,难以进行监管。本文以济南东部老工业区一家大型钢铁企业为例,选取五项有代表性的特征污染物(苯、甲苯、二甲苯、非甲烷总烃和氨)进行布点监测,在不同气象条件下,分析特征污染物的浓度变化,了解钢铁企业无组织排放特征。经对监测数据的分析得出:与上风向相比,下风向各污染物监测的小时浓度和日均浓度均有不同程度的增加,表明该厂区污染源对周边环境空气质量有一定影响。最后,提出防范或改进措施,如应加严相应的无组织排放标准,增加大气在线监测点位及监测项目,建议企业加强对生产工艺环节无组织排放废气的收集和处理。

Monitoring and Analysis on Characteristic Pollutants of Fugitive Emission in Iron and Steel Enterprises

The eastern old industrial area is the focus of pollution prevention and control in Jinan. Fugitive emissions of large enterprises in industrial areas have great impacts on air quality of regional and surrounding areas. It does not attracted much attention, because we do not know the size of emissions and types of pollutants, which makes it difficult to be controlled. Taking a large iron and steel enterprise of the eastern old industrial area in Jinan as an example, this paper selected five characteristic pollutants of monitoring sites, including benzene, toluene, xylene, non-methane hydrocarbons and ammonia. The variation of pollutants concentration under different weather conditions was analyzed to understand the characteristics of fugitive emissions in iron and steel enterprises. The results showed that the hourly concentration and daily average concentrations of downwind pollutants increased in varying degrees compared with upperwind area, indicating that the plant area sources had impacts on surrounding air quality. And then measures to prevent or improve air pollution were proposed, such as the tightened fugitive emissions standards, increased atmospheric monitoring sites and online monitoring projects, and recommend enterprises to strengthen the collection and processing aspects in the production process of fugitive emissions.