添加辅料对污泥堆肥产品的生物肥效的影响

为探讨添加辅料对好氧共堆肥效果的影响，设置分别添加木屑、蘑菇渣、微生物发酵菌和酸化生物质炭进行好氧共堆肥实验研究。通过正交实验，以堆体最高温度和>50 ℃天数为基准，得出最佳堆肥质量配比为:污泥66.9%、微生物发酵菌0.1%、木屑20%、蘑菇渣8%和生物质炭5%。该条件下，堆肥第4天，堆体最高温度达到69 ℃，温度高于50 ℃的天数为15 d，满足堆肥无害化指标要求；TKN、TP和TK养分含量较高，分别达到3.76，0.65，1.08 g/kg，发芽指数GI随着堆肥时间的延长逐渐增长，GI值最高达到156%；将堆肥产品用于土壤改良，并通过种植海芋发现经过土壤改良后的荒地，海芋的存活率更高。检测堆肥产品和改良土壤样品浸出液中的重金属浓度均低于1 mg/L，说明堆肥产品中重金属在施用中不易进入自然环境中造成二次污染。

IMPROVEMENT OF BIOLOGICAL FERTILIZER EFFICIENCY OF SLUDGE COMPOST PRODUCTS BY ADDING AUXILIARY MATERIALS

In order to explore the effect of adding auxiliary materials on aerobic composting, the experiment was set up to add auxiliary materials including sawdust, mushroom residue, microbial fermentation bacteria and acidified biochar for aerobic co-composting. Based on the highest temperature and days with temperature higher than 50℃, the optimal composting ratio was as follows:sludge proportion of 66.9%, microbial fermentation bacteria of 0.1%, sawdust of 20%, mushroom residue of 8% and biochar of 5%. Under this ratio, the highest temperature of compost reached 69℃ on the fourth day, and high temperature duration of 50℃ above were 15 days, which met the requirements of harmless composting index. The contents of TKN, TP and TK were higher, which were 3.76 g/kg, 0.65 g/kg and 1.08 respectively; the germination index GI increased gradually with the extension of composting time, and the highest GI value was 156%; then the composting products were used for soil improvement, and through the cultivation of konjac, it was found that the survival rate of konjac was higher in the wasteland after soil improvement. The concentration of heavy metals in the leaching solution of compost products and improved soil samples was low, so it's not easily to enter the natural environment or cause secondary pollution.