水溶液性质与水污染控制工艺相互作用的重要性

从自然演化、人类活动、科学发展角度分析污废水的产生机制及其对天然水体溶液性质的影响，发现人类迁徙的城镇化以及工农业生产的效率约束导致污废水与天然径流之间的矛盾，使生态水体呈现出由地表纯净水向水质污染方向的功能转化，扰动了元素/化合物在地球表面或水体界面的离心与向心迁移的平衡，明确了水体界面或水圈作为物质地球循环中转站/转运站的原理机制。隐藏在各种水处理工艺原理中的物理、化学、物化、生化等丰富功能能够解决中转站中所积累的矛盾，所以，集合溶液性质与污废水处理工艺原理之间的对应关系及其技术应用将构成更加完备和潜在的水工业，所提出的水溶液性质概念同样适用于给水与纯净水的生产与管理。针对有毒/难降解的工业有机废水，如煤化工行业焦化废水，在前端工艺清洁生产的基础上，需要把产品资源回收、性质互补利用、水量循环机制作为共性目标，把低能耗与物耗、关键污染物去除以及明确环境风险归趋作为污染控制工艺选择的依据，同时要求全过程产生低的二次污染如碳排放等。基于水溶液性质的改变及其过程演变的探究将拓宽水污染控制的工艺理论与技术边界。水污染控制与水环境保护相结合的水工业全过程追求技术、经济与社会目标的一致，争取得到绿色、低碳、循环等生态目标的响应，即生活、生产、生态"三位一体"的协调发展。

THE NEXUS IMPORTANCE OF AQUEOUS SOLUTION PROPERTIES AND WATER POLLUTION CONTROL PROCESSES

The principles of sewage and wastewater generation as well as its influence on the aqueous solution properties of natural water body are established based on the perspectives of natural evolution and human activities. The rapid urbanization process as well as the careless agricultural and industrial management has brought along with increasingly serious surface water pollution, which at the micro-level, disturbs the centrifugal and centripetal migration balance of elements/compounds on the terrestrial surface. As a result, the water interface or hydrosphere becomes the hub for global material circulation. The numerous contradictions in the aquatic material circulation can be well resolved by the remarkable physical, chemical, physicochemical and biochemical functions hidden in water treatment techniques and principles. Therefore, the application of enantiomer technology between the properties of sewage/wastewater solution and the principles of treatment process constitutes a more holonomic and developable water industry. In addition, the proposed concept of aqueous solution properties also apply to the production and management of water supply and pure water. On account of the treatment of refractory and deleterious industrial organic wastewater such as coking wastewater, the common mission should be resource recovery, complementary utilization, and water recycling mechanism on the basis of the front-end process of cleaner production, featuring water treatment techniques with low energy/material consumptions, high removal efficiency of critical pollutants, as well as low carbon emission. Based on the change of the properties of aqueous solution and its process evolution, the technological theory and technical boundary of water pollution control will be widened. The aqueous industry combining water pollution control and water environment protection should strive for the simultaneous development in technology, economics and social purpose, dedicating to the response of green, low-carbon, recycling and other ecological goals, that is, life, production, and ecological of "trinity" coordinated development.