利用厌氧发酵技术合成中链羧酸的研究进展

废弃物资源化回收和利用有助于应对环境污染和资源短缺等问题。由于中链羧酸具有应用广泛、附加值高的特点，利用特定微生物的代谢将各种生物废弃物转化为己酸等中链羧酸的链延伸技术，在近年来受到了普遍关注。首先介绍了生成中链羧酸的功能微生物，以及此类菌的代谢途径（逆向β氧化）和合成己酸的步骤。然后综述了生物电化学系统、产物提取技术在短链羧酸链延长过程中的作用原理和研究进展。以上技术和方法能够提高己酸产率、优化工艺流程、降低操作成本，从而有助于厌氧发酵产己酸的工业化应用。最后对文中提及技术的优缺点以及改进方向进行了总结。

ADVANCEMENTS IN PRODUCING MEDIUM CHAIN CARBOXYLIC ACIDS VIA ANAEROBIC DIGESTION

The utilization of waste resources can help solve many problems including environmental pollution and resource shortage. Due to the wide application and high added value of medium chain carboxylic acids(MCCAs),the chain elongation technology has attracted wide attention in recent years. Chain elongation process could convert various biological wastes into MCCAs by the metabolism of specific microorganisms. Firstly these functional microorganisms were comprehensively introduced. Then, the mechanism (β-reverse oxidation) and reactions of chain elongation were described in details. In recent years, there were several advancements in chain elongation such as bio-electrochemical system, product extraction technology. Then the principles, practical applications and research progresses of those technologies which was beneficial to improving the yield of caproic acid, optimizing the process flow and reducing the operation costs were systematically introduced. Finally, the advantages, challenges and promoting approaches of mentioned methods were summarized.