洞庭湖区生态服务价值变化区域差异研究

为了定量分析和比较区域生态服务功能及其价值变化，运用中国生态系统服务价值当量因子表和洞庭湖流域单位面积农田生态系统提供的食物生产服务的经济价值,以及分析20世纪70年代末、80年代末和90年代末的TM遥感影像所得到的土地利用情况,对洞庭湖区17个县市不同年代的生态服务价值及其20年间的变化进行了估算和比较。采用变异系数来测度区域之间的差异，并初步分析了各县市生态服务价值变化差异的原因。结果表明：洞庭湖区土地利用变化明显，生态服务价值总量达到了934亿元，但区域变异系数较大，各县市之间差异明显；湖区各县市20年生态服务价值变化差异较大，变异系数为108.27%。其中变化最大的是华容县，超过了2.0亿元，最小的是津市，仅为0.12亿元。

DIFFERENTIATION IN ECOSYSTEM SERVICES VALUE IN DIFFERENT AREA OF DONGTION LAKE AREA

In order to quantitatively analyze and compare the change of ecosystem services caused by land use change,the economic value of ecosystem services in 17 administrative districts in Dongting Lake Area was estimated with the table of equivalent weight factor of economic value of ecosystem services of China,and the economic value of food production per hectare was supplied by cropland ecosystem and on the basis of Chinese resource and environment spatial-temporal database land use situation at the end of 1970's,1980's and 1990's extracted by analyzing three-period TM data.During 20 years the change of the ecosystem services value was calculated and compared,and the area differentiation was measured by coefficient of variation.At last,the causes of the change were discussed.The result shows that the land use change is different among 17 administrative districts and the total value of ecosystem services was up to 93.4 billion yuan at the end of 1990's,but the larger coefficient of variance indicates that the difference among 17 administrative districts is obvious.On the whole,the ecosystem services value in East Dongting Lake is much larger than that in West Dongting Lake.In the past two decades the difference of the ecosystem services value among 17 administrative districts changed very largely.In all administrative districts the change in Huarong is the most,which was more than 200 million yuan,and the least was Jinshi which was 12 million yuan.