Size-resolved aerosol chemical composition over the Italian Peninsula during typical summer and winter conditions |
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| Authors: | C Carbone S Decesari M Mircea L Giulianelli E Finessi M Rinaldi S Fuzzi A Marinoni R Duchi C Perrino T Sargolini M Vardè F Sprovieri GP Gobbi F Angelini MC Facchini |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;3. Environmental Science Center, University of Augsburg, Augsburg 86159, Germany;4. School of Foreign Languages, China University of Political Science and Law, Beijing 100088, China;5. School of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China;6. College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;7. Multiphase Chemistry Department, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany;8. Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control Engineering, Graduate School of Natural Science & Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 9201167, Japan |
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| Abstract: | In the frame of the MIUR-AEROCLOUDS project (Study of Direct and Indirect Aerosol Effects on Climate), night-time and daytime size-segregated aerosol samples were collected concurrently at five different sites (near-city, urban, rural, marine and mountain background sites). The paper reports on the daily evolution of the main aerosol chemical characteristics as a function of particle size in different environments over the Italian Peninsula, spanning from the Po Valley to the south Tyrrhenian coast.Two 4-day intensive observation periods (IOPs) were undertaken in July 2007 and February 2008, under meteorological conditions typical of the summer and winter climate for Italy.In the summer IOP, under stable atmospheric conditions, at the low-altitude continental sites the diurnal evolution of the planetary boundary layer (PBL), induces an atmospheric dilution effect driving the particulate matter (PM) concentrations, while, at the mountain site, it determines the upward motion of polluted air masses from the Po Valley PBL in daytime.The fine fraction was dominated by ammonium salts and carbonaceous matter (water-soluble organic matter, WSOM, and water-insoluble carbonaceous matter, WINCM). High concentrations of ammonium sulphate and WSOM due to enhanced photochemical activity constituted the background aerosol composition over the whole country, whereas, ammonium nitrate and WINCM were more associated to local emissions (e.g. urban site with concentrations peaking in the finest size range due to strong local traffic-related sources of ultrafine particles).During the winter IOP in the Po Valley, the shallow PBL depths and low wind velocity, especially at night, favoured the condensation of semi-volatile species (i.e. organic matter and ammonium nitrate), causing the high fine PM concentration observed at ground level. |
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