Plant and Soil System Responses to Ozone After 3 Years in a Lysimeter Study with Juvenile Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) |
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Authors: | K Pritsch D Ernst F Fleischmann S Gayler T E E Grams A Göttlein W Heller N Koch H Lang R Matyssek J C Munch M Olbrich H Scherb S Stich J B Winkler M Schloter |
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Institution: | 1. Institute of Soil Ecology, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Ingolst?dter Landstra?e 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany 2. Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Ingolst?dter Landstra?e 1, 85764, München-Neuherberg, Germany 3. Phytopathology of Woody Plants, Technische Universit?t München, Am Hochanger 13, 85354, Freising, Germany 4. Ecophysiology of Plants, Technische Universit?t München, Am Hochanger 13, 85354, Freising, Germany 5. Plant Nutrition and Water Ressources, Technische Universit?t München, Am Hochanger 13, 85354, Freising, Germany 6. Department of Environmental Engineering, Institute of Soil Ecology, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Ingolst?dter Landstra?e 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany 7. Institute of Biomathematics and Biometry, GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Ingolst?dter Landstra?e 1, 85764, München-Neuherberg, Germany
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Abstract: | A lysimeter study was performed to monitor effects of elevated ozone on juvenile trees of Fagus sylvatica L. as well as on the plant–soil system. During a fumigation period over almost three growing seasons, parameters related
to plant growth, phenological development and physiology as well as soil functions were studied. The data analyses identified
elevated ozone to delay leaf phenology at early and to accelerate it at late developmental stages, to reduce growth, some
leaf nutrients (Ca, K) as well as some soluble phenolics (hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, total flavonol glycosides). No
or very weak ozone effects were found in mobile carbon pools of leaves (starch, sucrose), and other phenolic compounds (flavans).
Altered gene expression related to stress and carbon cycling corresponded well with findings from leaf phenology and chemical
composition analyses indicating earlier senescence and oxidative stress in leaves under elevated ozone. Conversely in the
soil system, no effects of ozone were detected on soil enzyme activities, rates of litter degradation and lysimeter water
balances. Despite the fact that the three reported years 2003–2005 were climatically very contrasting including a hot and
dry as well as an extremely wet summer, and also mild as well as cold winters, the influence of ozone on a number of plant
parameters is remarkably consistent, further underlining the phytotoxic potential of elevated tropospheric ozone levels. |
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Keywords: | Climatic conditions Fagus sylvatica L Lysimeter study Ozone Seasonal influence |
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