环太湖地区水污染灾害综合防治能力评价

以水污染灾害为研究对象,从水污染驱动力、污染状态、人类响应3个方面构建水污染灾害综合防治能力评价指标体系,运用物元可拓评价模型,使用熵权法确定权重,计算出环太湖地区的综合关联度并进行分析,结果表明:2014~2018年环太湖地区水污染灾害综合防治能力总体上在不断提升,综合防治能力最好的为无锡,其次为常州、苏州和湖州,嘉兴最差,但湖州综合防治能力有下降的趋势,水污染灾害风险加大;环太湖地区都存在人口密度高、水产养殖规模大和酸雨发生率高等问题,水污染灾害防治压力重;在社会环境宜居、经济发达和控源治污的基础上,通过增加相关项目资金的投入、强化监管和预警能力,才能从本质上提升水污染灾害综合防治能力。

Evaluation of Comprehensive Prevention and Control Capability of Water Pollution Disaster around Taihu Lake

Taking water pollution disasters as the research object,the evaluation index system for comprehensive prevention and control capability of water pollution disasters is constructed from the three aspects of water pollution driving force,pollution status,and human response.The matter—element extension evaluation model was used,weights were determined by entropy weight method,and the comprehensive correlation degree of the Taihu Lake area was calculated and analyzed.The results showed that the comprehensive prevention and control capability of water pollution hazards in the Taihu Lake area has been improving from 2014 to 2018.Wuxi has the best comprehensive prevention and control capability,followed by Changzhou,Suzhou and Huzhou,and Jiaxing has the worst.However,the comprehensive prevention and control capability of Huzhou has a declining trend,and the risk of water pollution disasters has increased.There were problems such as high population density,large aquaculture scale and high acid rain incidence in the Taihu Lake region,and the pressure of water pollution disaster prevention and control is heavy.On the basis of livable social environment,economic development,and pollution control,the comprehensive prevention and control capability of water pollution disasters can be essentially improved by increasing the investment of related project funds and strengthening supervision and early warning capabilities.