土壤盐渍化及其治理措施研究综述

土地是人类赖以生存及其一切社会活动的基本条件。土壤盐渍化是当今世界上土地荒漠化和土地退化的主要类型之一,也是世界性的资源问题和生态问题。土地盐渍化对地区的农业生产和生态环境造成很大影响。因此,较准确的分析土壤盐渍化的空间变异特征及变异尺度,揭示其分布规律来防治区域土壤盐渍化具有重要意义。本文首先提出了盐渍化的相关概念,然后对导致土壤盐渍化的主要因素及其土壤盐渍化的研究目标、研究方法进行全面阐述。结论表明土壤盐渍化的时空变化及其与导致这种变化的驱动力之间的因果反馈关系足够有效地揭示人为和自然因素与土壤盐渍化之间相互作用的内在机制,而且可以此来预测其未来发展趋势。最后在此基础上,提出了防治土壤盐渍化的综合性建议以及土壤盐渍化研究中急待解决的研究课题及其有效的研究手段,从而为进一步拓展和深化土壤盐渍化研究的内容及水平打下了牢固基础。

The Research Summary of Soil Salinization and Management

Land is the basic condition of human life and all social activities. Soil salinization is one of main types of world land desertifieation and the land degradation and also is worldwide resources and ecological problem. Soil salinization has the very tremendous influence on agricultural production and the ecologieal environment of this region. Therefore, it has a signifieant meaning to prevent soil salinization by analyzing accurately the spatial difference charaeterisfics and variation scales and displaying such distribution rules. This paper first gives a related concept of soil salinization then explains progressively the objects, methods and main factors of soil salinization. The conclusion indicated that it can be found out effectively the interactional internal mechanism between soil salinization and artificial - natural factor by using cause and effeet relation of soil salinization spatial variation and the driving forces of this variation, furthermore the future development trends can also be forecasted. Finally from this, prevention of soil salinizafion is suggested and effective study methods for solving urgent needed soil salinization problems is given, thereby it can be given in a firm bases for developing and deepening the content and levels of soil salinization study.