湖北省风能资源的高分辨率数值模拟试验

利用边界层模式CALMET耦合中尺度模式MM5对湖北省的风能资源分布特征进行数值模拟,得到水平分辨率1 km、 垂直高度10~150 m覆盖全省的风能资源分布。通过与测风塔对比发现,模式对九宫山7月、 11月的逐时有效风速的模拟相关系数分别为0.59、 0.57;受下垫面复杂地形的影响,10 m高度上的误差最大,50 m高度的模拟效果好于其他高度。70 m高度上数值模拟风速年均误差为7.21%,逐月平均风速误差范围在6.62%~7.30%之间。全省风能资源的总体分布特征是:中东部大于西部,西部的等值线相对凌乱且密集,冬、 春季风速、 风功率大于秋季,西部地区为风资源较贫乏地区。数值模拟结果虽然存在一定的误差,但模拟得到的风能资源分布趋势是符合本地区气候和地形特征变化规律的,可以作为制定区域风电发展规划的科学依据。在进行风电场选址时,对于误差大于平均水平的地区需要多布设测风塔。

The High Resolution Numerical Simulation of Wind Energy Resource in Hubei Province

Based on boundary layer model CALMET coupled mesoscale model MM5,wind region of Hubei Province was simulated,which had been 1 km horizontal resolution and 150 m vertical resolution.Compared with wind towers,the correlation coefficients of simulated hourly wind speed in July and November were 0.59,0.57.The annual wind speed error at 70 m by the numerical simulation was 7.21%,and the monthly average error was respectively 6.62%-7.30%.Complicated by the underlying surface topography,10 m height of the error was maximum,the simulation at 50 m was better than other heights.The hourly and monthly wind speed in different heights was well simulated.The distribution was that wind speed and wind power in the east was larger,and that the western contour was relatively messy and dense.The wind resource in winter and spring was greater than the fall and relatively poor in the western region.Although numerical simulation results had some errors,the simulated wind energy resource distribution was response to the regional climate and topographical features.The results can be used as the scientific basis for regional wind power development planning.In the process of selecting the wind farm sites,more wind towers need to be laid in regions with errors greater than the average level.