基于统计分析的陕西段泾河水质时空分布特征

气候变化和人类活动共同作用下的局地水环境变化研究,是水资源与环境研究的热点问题,而评价地表水质的时空变化是水质评价的重要内容。论文以泾河陕西段干流景村和张家山断面3年16个水质参数为依据,分枯水期和丰水期,采用主成分分析法评价不同时期水质参数的相关性,应用因子分析法选取不同时期最重要的水质参数。结果显示两断面枯水期以自然输入的盐化指标为主,景村断面还包括泾河上游人为输入的有机污染;丰水期以人为输入的非点源污染指标(包括氮营养指标和溶解性固体指标)为主,张家山断面还包括大的径流量携带的两断面之间的有机物(挥发酚);而硫酸盐总是泾河陕西段不同时期最重要的水质参数变量。

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Surface Water Quality Using Multivariate Statistical Analysis in Jinghe River of Shaanxi Province,China

The current hot issue of water resource and environment research is the study on regional water environment jointly affected by global climate change and human activities,and evaluating the spatial and temporal variations of surface water quality is an important aspect of water quality assessment.In this study,surface water quality data for 16 physical and chemical parameters collected from Jingcun and Zhangjiashan sections of Jinghe River during the years from 2004 to 2007 were analyzed using PCA and FA in dry and wet seasons.The principal component analysis was employed to evaluate the correlations of water quality parameters,while factor analysis was used to extract the most important parameters of the two sections in dry and wet seasons.Analysis shows that the most important parameters of the two sections in dry season are mainly the index of salinization by natural input and that of Jingcun Section also include the index of organic pollution which is mainly from point discharge of the upstream of Jinghe River;and the most important parameters in wet season are mainly the index of non-point pollution including the index of eutrophication by anthropogenic input and the index of salinization by natural input and also include the index of organic pollution in Zhangjiashan Section which is mainly volatile phenol from tributary between Jingcun Section and Zhangjiashan Section.Sulphates coming from different sources are always the most important water quality parameters in Jinghe River of Shaanxi Province all over the year.