森林生态系统恢复力评价——以江西省莲花县为例

生态系统恢复力是森林资源可持续发展的中心目标之一。在明确生态系统恢复力定义和尺度的基础上,分析了森林生态系统恢复力的影响因素,从生境条件和生态存储两方面遴选出26个指标,建立了森林生态系统恢复力评价指标体系,并以江西省莲花县为案例区,采用组合赋权法确定了指标权重,通过空间叠加计算了莲花县森林生态系统恢复力。结果表明:森林生态系统恢复力主要受内部存储的影响,其权重达到0.554。莲花县森林生态系统恢复力在0.103到0.464之间,平均值为0.268,恢复力达到或超过平均水平的森林面积为37 907 hm²,占森林总面积的49.2%,整体处于较低水平;分级结果表明仅48.16%的森林达到高或较高恢复力水平;在空间分布上,莲花县森林生态系统恢复力为南高北低,南部和中部的森林大多处于高或较高恢复力水平,北部地区大部分森林处于中等、较低或低恢复力水平。此外,恢复力高的森林沿乡镇边界线分布的特点非常明显。该研究结果可为森林资源管理提供重要科学依据。

Assessment of Forest Ecosystem Resilience in Lianhua County of Jiangxi Province

Ecosystem resilience is one of the key targets for sustainable development of forest resources and it plays an important role in maintaining the desirable ecosystem states that allow these ecosystem services to be delivered.The quantitative measurement of the forest ecosystem resilience is of great significance to assisting the sustainable development of forest ecosystems,but there have been very few quantitative measurement approaches in previous researches.An approach more plausible is to investigate the factors influencing resilience;with the definition of ecosystem resilience and scale clarified,the authors analyzed influencing factors of forest ecosystem resilience based on previous researches.The index system of forest ecosystem resilience was constructed with 26 indices with respect to the stand condition and ecological memory at the spatial resolution of 100 m.With Lianhua County of Jiangxi Province as the study area,the authors determined the index weights with the combinatorial weighing method and the forest ecosystem resilience was calculated with spatial overlay.The result indicated that the forest ecosystem resilience was mainly influenced by internal ecological memory,the weight of which reached 0.554;forest ecosystem resilience in Lianhua County was between 0.103 and 0.464,with the average value of only 0.268 and the forests above the average level accounting for only 49.2% of the total forest area,so the forest ecosystem resilience was low on the whole.The forest ecosystem resilience was relatively higher in the southern part while relatively lower in the northern part of Lianhua County.The result of the classification of forest ecosystem resilience suggested that only 48.16% of the forests reached the high or very high resilience level in total.The forests in the southern and middle parts were at high or higher level,while the forests in the northern part were generally at median,low or lower levels.In addition,it was a distinct characteristic that the forests with high ecosystem resilience mainly expanded along the boundaries of towns.The result can provide significant scientific reference information for the forest resource management.