快速城市化地区生态资产遥感定量评估——以广东省东莞市为例

生态资产是一种重要的国家资源,在快速城市化过程中,各土地利用类型发生明显变化,由此导致具备生态服务意义的生态资产发生明显改变。进行生态资产定量评估为实现区域可持续发展提供重要参考。论文以地理学和生态学理论为基础,基于遥感影像时序资料,构建生态资产定量评估模型,定量分析东莞市近20 a来生态资产时空变化特征。研究结果表明:东莞市自1988年以来生态资产空间分布变化明显,生态资产高低值区域转换频繁;以镇为尺度的研究表明单位面积生态资产呈下降趋势的镇数目增加明显,且主要分布在中部和北部经济快速发展的地区;各镇的人均生态资产下降趋势明显,2006年到达最低值。

Ecological Property Assessment in the Rapidly Urbanized Region Based on RS: A Case Study of Dongguan

With the fast development of socio-economic in rapidly urbanized region,more attention has been focused on the property of natural resources and environmental benefits.In this regard,ecological property,which is considered as one of the most significant resource and wealth in a country,has being concerned gradually in recent years.Dynamics of land use/cover at a wide range of scales throughout the world will inevitably result in various effects on the structure and function of ecological systems,with ecological property changing obviously and profoundly.With those reasons discussed above,the assessment of ecological property should be paid more attention,which will be useful for the sustainable development in rapidly urbanized region.In this paper,based on the theory of geography and ecology,with the aid of remote sensing data sources and GIS technology,we attempted to quantify the spatial and temporal dynamics of ecological property in Dongguan city,which experienced the fastest socio-economic development in Guangdong Province in the past two decades.The results showed that ecological property in Dongguan city changed prominently since 1988,with high and low values of property transforming frequently.The number of towns with per unit area ecological property decrease increased obviously,and most of these towns are located in the rapid economic developed areas of central and northern Dongguan.Per capita ecological property also decreased obviously with the lowest value in 1996.