东祁连山土地利用方式对土壤持水能力和渗透性的影响

为了解祁连山东段天祝高寒地区不同土地利用方式对土壤持水能力和渗透性的影响,研究选取天然草地、退耕自然恢复地、燕麦地和多年生草地4种土地利用方式,研究了不同土地利用方式对土壤持水能力和渗透性的影响。结果表明,不同土地利用方式对土壤持水能力和渗透性影响显著。土壤容重大小依次为退耕自然恢复地(1.104 g/cm³)>多年生草地(1.061 g/cm³)>燕麦地(1.011 g/cm³)>天然草地(0.781 g/cm³);总孔隙度为天然草地(68.196%)>燕麦地(60.606%)>多年生草地(58.93%)>退耕自然恢复地(57.5%);土壤最大持水量和土壤稳渗速率天然草地最大(681.966 t/hm²和3.02 mm/min),退耕自然恢复地最小(575.005 t/hm²和1.004 mm/min)。从土壤持水性能和入渗性能来看,4种土地利用方式中天然草地最好,退耕自然恢复地最差,燕麦地和多年生草地土壤持水能力和渗透性能优于退耕自然恢复地。

The Effect of Land Use Patterns on Soil Moisture Retention Capacity and Soil Infiltration Property in Eastern Qilian Mountains

The effect of land use patterns on the soil moisture retention capacity and soil infiltration property in Tianzhu,the alpine area in the eastern Qilian Mountains,was studied.The four land use patterns were selected in the experimental area,including natural grassland,naturally restored abandoned cropland,oats and sowed perennial grassland.The results showed that there existed significant differences in soil moisture retention capacity and soil infiltration property among the four types of land use patterns.The soil bulk density from high to low was returned farmland to naturally restorated grassland(1.104 g/cm3)>sowed perennial grassland(1.061 g/cm3)>oats(1.011 g/cm3)>natural grassland(0.781 g/cm3);the soil total porosity from high to low was natural grassland(68.196%)>oats(60.606%)>sowed perennial grassland(58.93%)>returned farmland to naturally restorated grassland(57.5%);total water holding capacity and infiltration rates of the soil of natural grassland was the largest(681.966 t/hm2,3.02 mm/min),while the total water holding capacity and infiltration rates of returned farmland to naturally restorated grassland was the lowest(575.005 t/hm2,1.004 mm/min).In general,the soil of the natural grassland has the best hydrological function in soil water retention capacity and infiltration property.These characteristics are better in the oats and sowed perennial grassland,while the performance of the returned farmland to naturally restorated grassland is the worst in four aspects.