试论精确农业及我国行动对策

精确农业是超前性的农业新技术。由于精确农业充分地利用了作物、土壤和病虫害的空间和时间变化量来进行耕作和田间管理,因而,取得的经济和环境边际效益非常显著。结合我国国情,研究发展适用的精确农业技术体系、应用体系不仅是必要的,而且是可能的。精确农业的研究与发展将有助于我国人口、资源与环境方面重大问题的解决,有助于农业资源的高效利用和农业环境保护。为了适应精确农业应用,作为核心技术的地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）技术也应在界面、功能、可操作性、信息源、实时性和处理速度等方面进行改进,深入研究多层次集成系统

PRECISION AGRICULTURE AND ITS PROSPECTIVE IN CHINA

Precision agriculture is one of the most advanced technologies in agriculture. Its marginal efficiency in economy and environment is significant, since it makes full use of temporal and spatial variabilities of crops, soils, insect pest and disease to farming practices and field management. According to China's conditions, it is not only necessary but also feasible to study and develop appropriate technical and applied systems of precision agriculture. The development of precision agriculture will facilitate solutions to major issues in population, resources and environment and benefit China in high efficiency utilization of agricultural resources and environmental protection. To meet the specific requirements of precision agriculture, some adaptations, like those in interface, statistical and modeling functions, easy manipulation, information resources, real time GPS connection, and processing speed, should be made on GIS, which is the key technical system in integrated precision farming practices.