潜流人工湿地中有机污染物降解机理研究综述

人工湿地是一种完整的生态系统,它是利用系统中发生的物理、化学和生物等多重协同作用实现对污水的净化功能.开展潜流人工湿地中废水处理的机理、湿地内部有机污染物的迁移转化、湿地工艺设计及其水力学、动力学参数的研究,对环境废水中有机污染物的去除及生态安全具有重要意义.文章主要从化学、生物、设计参数等方面论述了人工湿地废水处理中有机污染物的降解及其机理研究进展.化学因素主要包括溶解性有机质(DOM)对有机污染物的迁移转化、氧化还原环境(Redox)及废水中电子受体的存在对有机质的分解状况、不同溶解氧(DO)水平为厌氧、好氧细菌对有机物的生物降解及湿地内反应动力学模型建立等因素对废水中有机污染物降解的作用及影响;生物因素主要涉及植物和微生物的作用,湿地中的生物降解是有机污染物的主要去除方式;在工艺参数方面,主要就水流特性、孔隙度、停留时间(HRT)、水力负荷(HLR)和水位等因素对湿地中有机污染物去除的影响进行了探讨.

Progress of study on the degradation mechanism of organic pollutants in subsurface flow constructed wetland

As a complete ecological system, constructed wetland can purify waste water by utilizing the coordinated functioning of physical, chemical and biological factors taken place in the system. It's worthwhile to conduct such research as the mechanism in the waste water disposal in the subsurface flow constructed wetlands, the transformation and mobilization of organic conmaminants in the wetlands, the technological parameters, and the parameters in the science of hydraulic and dynamics of wetlands. These sdudies are of great significance to the removal of organic conmaminants in the wastewater and ecological safety. By studying the chemical, biological factors and design parameters respectively, the thesis mainly discusses the degradation of the organic conmaminants from constructed wetlands and the development in the mechanism study. Chemical factors chiefly include the effect of dissolved organic matter(DOM) on the decompose of organic matters, the influence of the existence of electronic acceptors to the degradation of or-ganism in Redox and waste water, dissolved oxygen level on anaerobic and aerobic biodegradation of organic compounds, and the building of kinetic model in wetlands. These factors have effects in the degradation of organic conmaminants in wastewaters. Next, biological factors mainly relate to the function of plants and micro-organism, biodegradation in wetlands acting as the principle way of removing organic conmaminants. And in the technological parameters, the thesis mainly analyses the influence of such factors as flow characteristics, porosity, hydraulic retention time (HRT), hydraulic loading rate (HLR) and water level to the removal of organic conmaminants from constructed wetlands.