地铁不同人群疏散行为特征调查问卷研究

近年来我国地铁安全事故频发,地铁安全工作的特殊性和脆弱性日益突出。地铁作为人员密集场所,一旦发生突发事故,乘客的疏散行为难以控制,造成疏散极度困难。因此,如何在突发事件下合理快速的组织地铁乘客疏散至安全区域,是地铁运营部门急需解决的重大问题。合理有效的应急疏散方案首先需要了解乘客的疏散行为特征,例如,乘客疏散时的路径选择、对安全知识的了解以及疏散行为和心理特性等。利用调查问卷的方法对地铁突发事件下不同人群的安全意识及疏散行为特性进行初步的调查分析研究,以供地铁人员疏散研究和制定合理有效的应急疏散方案参考。

Questionnaire research on the evacuation behavior characteristics of different crowds in subway

Abstract： In recent years, metro safety accident happens frequently, and the particularity and the vulnerability of the subway security work become increasingly prominent. In the subway station, as personnel intensive place, once accident happens, the behavior of passengers would be hard to control, which will make evacuation extremely difficult. Therefore, how to organize passengers to evacuate to safe area reasonably and rapidly is a significant problem for metro operation department to solve. Making a reasonable and effective emergency evacuation plan first needs to understand passengers＇ evacuation behavior characteristic, for example, route to choice, knowledge of safety, evacuation behavior and mental characteristics , and so on. In this paper, the safety consciousness and evacuation behavior characteristics were analyzed preliminarily through the questionnaire to different crowds under the subway emergencies. It provides reference for the subway evacuate research and establishing reasonable and effective emergency evacuation plan.