超细冷气溶胶抑制油气预混爆炸实验研究

大型油罐区火灾事故往往伴随着油气爆炸,对应急救援消防官兵生命安全带来威胁.具有可压缩性、流动性和弥散性特征的超细干粉冷气溶胶对泄漏可燃油气爆燃爆轰有抑制作用.采用三路进气20L球试验装置模拟油气-空气与超细干粉冷气溶胶预混点火燃爆过程,实验结果表明:超细干粉冷气溶胶具有物理和化学双重抑爆作用,随着抑爆剂用量的增大其最大爆炸压力和最大爆炸压力上升速率呈下降趋势,且爆炸感应期明显被滞后；抑爆过程油气爆炸指数快速下降后趋于稳定,抑爆效果与超细粉体本身特性、抑爆剂用量及油气点火时刻有关.该研究有助于优化油气环境的最佳抑爆条件,对大型储油罐区油气防火防爆防护和抑爆技术的应用具有积极意义.

Experimental research on suppressing premixed oil gas explosion by ultra-fine cold aerosol

Fire accidents in large oil tank field always go with oil gas explosion,and it represents serious threat to firemen.It is good and useful that ultra-fine cold aerosol with typical characteristics of compressibility,flow ability and good dispersion attributed,can restrain the combustion and detonation of leaking of flammable oil gases.In this paper,it was tested and simulated about the explosion-suppression process of oil gas premixed air and ultra-fine cold aerosol,by a 20-liter apparatus with three gas routes.The results indicated that in case of suppressing the developed explosion,ultra-fine cold aerosol is taken on some dual effects of physical and chemical explosion suppression,and the increase of the volume concentration of ultra-fine powder evidently causes the decrease of the maximum explosion pressure and maximum rate of pressure rise of oil gases.At the same time,the induced time of oil explosion is delayed,and explosion index of oil gas quickly decreases and tend to relatively constant value.Moreover,it showed that the oil-gas explosion suppression effect is associated to inherent property and concentration of ultra-fine cold aerosol and ignition condition of oil gas.This research helps to optimize explosion suppression condition of oil gas,and has important reference values for further application on explosion suppression technology in large oil rank farm.