有限元在安全帽设计中的应用

安全帽可以防止高空坠落物对人员头部造成伤害。在材料和工艺一定的前提下,安全帽的结构对发挥安全帽的作用尤为重要。本文首先对安全帽作用机理及使用情况进行分析,指出改善安全帽帽壳缓冲性能有利于更好地发挥安全帽的作用。然后简要介绍ANSYS的建模方案以及网格划分和自由度约束情况,通过对安全帽的ANSYS有限元分析,得出安全帽的变形和应变图,并通过分析安全帽从最低端到顶端的变形和应变情况,指出安全帽在撞击过程中的能力吸收规律,根据分析数据提出建立双层安全帽帽壳的改进方案,并再次通过有限元分析得出变形和应变图,验证了双层安全帽帽壳在缓冲方面更有效果,这种分析结果可以为安全帽帽壳的设计提供参考。

Application of finite element analysis in the design of safety helmet

Helmets take on an important role to prevent the head from injuries by the falling objects. On the pre- conditions of certain materials and crafts, the structure of the helmets is especially important to the function of them. In this paper the analysis on the action mechanism and application situations of safety helmet were conducted firstly, it was pointed out that improving the buffer performance of the safety helmet shell is beneficial to play its role better, and then a brief introduction was given to the ANSYS modeling scheme, grid partition and freedom re- straint. Upon the ANSYS finite-element analysis on the safety helmet, the deformation and strain figure of safety helmet were then obtained; whereas upon the analysis on the deformation and strain of the safety helmet from the lowest bottom to the top end, the capacity absorption law of the safety helmet in the ＂hit＂ process was then pointed out. Afterwards it was proposed to establish the improvement scheme for a dual-layer safety helmet shell in accord- ance with the analysis data and then further the better buffer effect of the dual-layer safety helmet case was validated upon the deformation and strain figure obtained from the finite-element analysis. Such analysis results can be refer- enced by the design of the safety helmet shell.