厦门西港近岸沉积物重金属污染历史及源解析

分析厦门西港潮间带柱状沉积物中14种重金属元素(Sc、V、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Sr、Cd、Sb、Tl、Pb、Fe和Hg)的垂向分布特征、污染历史和污染来源.结果表明, 1795年之前,多数重金属元素含量变化趋势较平稳;1795~1849年间,Sc、Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Sr、Cd、Tl、Pb和Hg含量有明显增加;2001~2011年间,Sc、Cr、Co、Sr、Tl、Pb和Hg含量又有增加趋势.多元统计分析结果表明,沉积柱中重金属元素主要有3大来源:交通和工业活动、自然源、工业和生活污水排放,贡献率分别是72.87%、12.20%和10.99%.柱状沉积物中铅同位素示踪分析表明,铅同位素组成从底层至表层由工业活动及污水排放逐步向机动车尾气排放漂移,厦门西港近岸海域中铅污染主要受交通和工业活动、工业和生活污水排放的影响.

Pollution history and source of heavy metals in coastal sediments from Xiamen Western Bay

Vertical distribution, pollution history and source of 14heavy metals (Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Sr, Cd, Sb, Tl, Pb, Fe and Hg) in the core sediments collected from intertidal zone of Xiamen Western Bay were analyzed. The contents of above elements varied smoothly before 1795. During 1795~1849, the contents of Sc, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr, Cd, Tl, Pb and Hg increased significantly. The contents of Sc, Cr, Co, Sr, Tl, Pb and Hg fluctuated slightly during 2001~2011. The results of multivariate statistical analysis indicated that traffic pollution and industrial activities, natural sources, industrial and domestic sewage were the three major sources, with their contributions of 72.87%, 12.20% and 10.99%, respectively. Lead isotope analysis of core sediments demonstrated that, from bottom to surface, the evolvement trend of Pb isotopic composition was from industrial activities and sewage to automobile emission. Traffic and industrial activities, industrial and domestic sewage were the major sources of lead pollution in Xiamen Western Bay.