岷江上游水电开发不同阶段所引发问题的综合分析

我国正处在水电站建设的高峰期，水电开发造成的各种问题也就成了众多学者的研究热点之一。但这些问题是综合、复杂、多变的，因此，动态、综合地剖析这些问题会更有助于实现对水电开发以及流域复合生态系统的综合管理。以岷江上游为例，以人类对生态系统服务的利用为主线，对水电站的建设之前、建设之中和建设之后3个阶段所出现的不同生态、环境、社会、经济等综合问题进行了深入探讨。研究认为，水电站建设使河流生态系统提供的各项服务的量、形式以及服务对象等都发生了巨大的变化和转移，而且水电巨大经济效益的产生是以部分“廉价”享用的生态系统服务的降低或丧失以及由此引发的错综复杂的社会、经济问题为代价的。针对以上问题，从政府、企业、科研工作者3个方面提出了解决问题的对策和建议。

INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF HYDROELECTRIC DEVELOPMENT IN DIFFERENT BUILDING PERIODS IN UPPER MINJIANG RIVER

Hydroelectricity,being developed at high speed in China recently,has caused many integrated, complex and variable problems,which have attracted great attentions of many researchers.As the problems resulted from hydro-stations building are integrated,complex and variable,analyzing all these problms in a dynamic and integrated way will be helpful for the comprehensive management of hydroelearicity develop- ment and combined eco-system of the basin.Taking upper Minjiang River as an example,and based on a- quatic ecosystem services,different kinds of ecological,environmental,societal and economic problems were analyzed according to the three hydro electric station buildingi periods:before building,on building and after building periods.The conclusion is that the building of hydro-station will change not only the amount and or of river ecosystem services,but also the accepter of these services.And further more,enormous benefits gained from hydroelectricity is at the price of the decrease even the vanishment of some ecosystem sersvices and the resulted complex social and economic problems.At last,based on the analysis,some suggestions were provided from views of government,enterprise and researcher.