种养废弃物协同污染控制现状及发展对策建议

由于秸秆、粪污污染重,严重制约了我国种植业和养殖业的发展,成为流域污染治理的重要难题.区域内种植业和养殖业平衡发展、废弃物协同消纳循环,能有效削减农业面源污染,提升农业生态环境质量.本文基于文献计量学方法筛选美国、荷兰、丹麦等优势国家,在此基础上开展种养平衡综述研究,借鉴欧美发达国家经验,指出我国种养平衡缺乏统筹规划、区域适宜的法律法规和标准不完善、种养废弃物污染防控与高质利用衔接不足等瓶颈问题,并提出顶层设计流域内种植与养殖污染协同控制体系、科学计算种植养殖比例和规模、构建基于大数据的种养废弃物绿色循环市场化应用体系等对策建议,以期为我国种养循环模式的发展提供借鉴意义.

The current situation and development suggestions of waste pollution cooperative control from planting and breeding industry

The serious pollution of straw and excrement restricts the development of planting-breeding industry in China, which has become an important problem in the river-basin pollution prevention. The agricultural non-point source pollution could be effectively reduced and the quality of agricultural eco-environment could be improved through balancing planting-breeding industry and waste collaborative recycling on a region scale. This review summarized the balance of planting-breeding industry based on selecting advantageous countries like US, Netherlands, Denmark using bibliometric methods. According to the experience of developed countries in Europe and the United States, it pointed out that the bottleneck problems in China's planting-breeding balance industry was integral planning lacking、regulations and standards suitable for different regional characteristics lacking、insufficient connection between planting and breeding waste pollution prevention and control and high-quality utilization. In order to provide significant reference for the development of planting-breeding circular model in China, it is suggested that top-level designing of cooperative control system for planting and breeding pollution in watersheds, scientific calculation of the proportion and scale of planting and aquaculture, and constructing a green recycling market-based application system for planting and breeding wastes based on big data would be helpful.