厌氧氨氧化-羟基磷灰石颗粒污泥系统的快速启动

为研究厌氧氨氧化-羟基磷灰石（Anammox-HAP）颗粒污泥系统的启动方法，采用厌氧氨氧化膨胀床反应器（AAFEB），接种少量厌氧氨氧化污泥，通过调控基质浓度和水力停留时间，考察系统内污泥粒径及胞外聚合物（EPS）的变化，同时监测系统的脱氮除磷性能.结果表明，在低上升流速0.213~1.066m/h、Ca/P=5.5物质的量比的条件下，不断提高进水氮负荷，实现了Anammox颗粒污泥系统的启动.总氮、正磷酸盐去除率分别为（78.0±9.8）%、（63.8±9.9）%，总氮容积负荷达2.74kg/（m³·d），在150d内培养出平均粒径为0.4mm的微颗粒污泥.颗粒的形态特征和元素分布检测表明其为Anammox-HAP颗粒污泥.随着颗粒污泥粒径的增加，EPS中的PS含量基本不变，PN从54.43mg/g增加到137.40mg/g，PN/PS从6.63提高到7.71.EPS中PN占比与粒径之间存在正相关，对污泥颗粒的形成起主要作用.

Quick start-up of anammox-HAP granular sludge system

In order to develop a quick start-up method for the anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) and Hydroxyapatite (HAP) (Anammox-HAP) granular sludge system, an Anammox attached film expanded bed reactor (AAFEB) was used, inoculated a small amount of Anammox sludge. The variation of sludge particle size and extracellular polymers (EPS) in the system were investigated by regulating influent substrate concentration and hydraulic residence time (HRT). Meanwhile, the nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance of the system was analyzed. Under the conditions of low up-flow rate of 0.213~1.066m/h and Ca/P=5.5molar ratio, the Anammox granular sludge system was started up successfully, with increasing influent nitrogen load. The removal efficiencies of total nitrogen and orthophosphate were (78.01±9.84)% and (63.83±9.89)%, respectively, and the total nitrogen volumetric loading reached 2.74kg/(m³·d). The average particle size of micro-granular sludge was 0.4mm in 150days. The morphology and element distribution of the sludge granules showed that they were Anammox-HAP granules. With the increase of granular sludge particle size, the proportion of PS in EPS was basically unchanged, while the proportion of PN increased from 54.43mg/g to 137.40mg/g, and PN/PS increased from 6.63to 7.71. There was a positive correlation between PN proportion in EPS and sludge particle size. It was PN that played a major role during sludge granulation.