徽州非物质文化遗产分布特征及其影响因素

利用数理统计方法和GIS空间分析方法,分析了徽州非物质文化遗产分布特征及其影响因素.研究表明:(1)徽州非物质文化遗产具有类型结构齐全,类型分布差异化明显的特点,其中传统技艺类、民俗类、传统舞蹈类非遗项目挖掘保护较充分;(2)徽州非物质文化遗产空间分布上呈现"核心多,边缘少"的分布特征,形成以屯溪区与歙县为核心的2个高密度核心圈;(3)文化载体传承人数量在古徽州地域内相对富集,但内部存在明显的分布不均状况;传习基地(所)在空间上呈现地域分布不均衡的格局.最后,从地方文化和地理环境、政府的保护与管理、经济发展水平等方面分析了影响徽州非物质文化遗产空间分布的因素.

Study on Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Huizhou Region

This paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of the intangible cultural heritage of Huizhou by using mathematical statistics method and GIS spatial analysis method. The research reveals the following: first, Huizhou’s intangible cultural heritage is complete in structure and is differentiated in distribution, among which traditional skills, traditional dances, and folk customs are well developed and protected; second, the spatial distribution of Huizhou’s intangible cultural heritage is more concentrated in core area and thinly scattered in marginal areas, forming two high-density core circles, the Tunxi District and Sexian County; third, the number of cultural heritage inheritors is relatively enriched in the Huizhou area, but the distribution of inheritors within the area is unbalanced. Inheritance and learning bases are also unbalanced in geographical distribution. At last, the paper has analyzed the influencing factors of the spatial distribution of Huizhou’s intangible cultural heritage from the perspectives of economic development, local culture, geographical environment, and governmental protections and management.