稻农低碳生产行为影响因素与引导策略——基于人际行为改进理论的多组比较分析

水稻种植是我国农业温室气体的主要排放源，有效引导农户进行水稻低碳化生产对减少农业温室气体排放，实现我国农业绿色可持续发展具有重要意义。基于改进的人际行为理论，建立稻农低碳生产行为影响机制理论框架，继而运用结构方程模型，实证检验了影响稻农低碳生产行为的主要因素及其影响路径。研究表明，低碳行为意愿与能力是激发稻农低碳生产行为的直接动因。行为态度、社会规范、环境情感通过影响低碳行为意愿作用于低碳生产行为。其中，行为态度的影响最大（0555），其次是社会规范（0232），环境情感作用最小（0153）。促进条件在意愿-行为、能力-行为的转化过程中具有显著的调节作用。进一步的多群组分析发现，受教育程度、家庭年收入、种植规模等变量在不同群组间的调节效应存在显著差异。由此表明，鼓励稻农适度扩大水稻种植规模，完善农业绿色生产补贴，加强水稻低碳生产教育与专业技术培训等是提高农户低碳认知与行为意愿，引导稻农从事低碳生产的有效手段

Influencing Factors and Guiding Strategies for Low carbon Production in Rice Planting: Multiple group Analysis Using Interpersonal Behavior Improvement Theory

The greenhouse gas produced during rice planting is the main source of agricultural greenhouse gases. Effectively promoting the low carbon rice production among farmers is an important way to reduce agricultural greenhouse gas emission and to realize the green sustainable development of agriculture in China. In this study, the theoretical framework for the mechanism of low carbon production behavior in rice planting was established, which is based on the interpersonal behavior improvement theory. Then, SEM model was employed to analyze the impact of farmers' behavior and its influence. The low carbon willingness and ability were the direct driving factors to stimulate their low carbon production. Behavioral attitudes, social norms and environmental emotions could indirectly affect low carbon production behavior by affecting the low carbon willingness. Moreover, the coefficient of behavioral attitude is the greatest (0555), indicating the main impact factor, followed by social norms (0232) and environmental emotion (0153). Promotion condition played an importantly moderating role in the transformation process of willingness-behavior and ability-behavior. The further multiple group analysis found that there were significant differences in the adjustment effect among different groups divided by education, family income and farm scale. In rice cultivation, encouraging farmers to expand the rice farm scale, improving the subsidies for the agricultural green production and strengthening low carbon production education specially in professional technical training are effective methods to enhance the low carbon cognition of farmers and behavioral willingness, and to guide farmers to engage in low carbon production 。