交通道路对区域土地利用变化的影响研究进展

交通运输业是国民经济的重要组成部分，但科学评价交通道路对区域土地利用变化的影响尚未受到足够重视。为此，通过搜集大量文献，归纳了高速公路、普通公路、城市轨道交通、铁路等交通道路对区域土地利用变化的影响。研究表明，目前的研究方向主要集中在交通道路对于区域土地利用类型和景观格局的影响上。研究发现，交通道路可以通过改变交通可达性，影响周边区域土地利用变化，其影响程度与道路等级、与道路距离、原有土地利用类型等有着密切关系。相比较于开放型道路，封闭型交通道路如高速公路、城市轨道交通、铁路等，其对于周边区域土地利用变化的影响主要通过出入口、站点等实现，并在“点”状影响的基础上形成“轴”状影响；在研究方法上，国外学者侧重模型分析，国内学者侧重宏观分析，缓冲区分析等方法是目前普遍使用的方法，但在严谨性上有待改进。最后在特殊节点、特殊地域、改进方法、建立模型等方面对未来的研究进行了展望。 关键词： 交通;土地利用;变化;影响

Progress of the Research on the Influence of Traffic #br# Road on Regional Land Use Change

Transportation takes an important part in economy, its impact on regional land use change has not yet drawn enough attention. Based on lots of literature, this paper reviews the influence of road transportation systems, including motorways, common highways, urban rail transits and railways on regional land use change. The investigation shows that the current research directions mainly focus on the influence of road on regional land use change. The investigation also find that road transportation systems could enhance accessibility and affect the land use change in surrounding areas, based on the rank of the road, the distance from road, the original land use types and so on. Compared to open road systems, closed road systems including motorways, city rails and railways, the influence on surrounding land use is realized through spots such as entrance and stations and then expanded along the road systems. In terms of researching methods, Chinese scholars prefer qualitative analysis, while scientists abroad tend to adopt model analysis. Taking buffer analysis into consideration, which is now a widely used method in this field, it requires scientific improvement in the determination of buffer zones. on top of that, the final parts of the essay suggests that further attention should be paid on special nodes and areas, method improvement and comprehensive modeling.