上海市第二水源长江取水口环境生物调查和质量评价——(Ⅰ.浮游生物)

本文应用水生物、污水生物体系的划分阶段,以评价上海市第二水源长江两个取水口的环境质量.1989年枯水期(2～3月)和丰水期(7月)在长江口河流段南岸的浏河和浪港二个站位,分别在近岸(5m水深)和远岸(10m水深上、下层)的断面,进行浮游植物,浮游动物调查.结果认为两个取水口应是β中污型(βm),属尚清洁带.相比之下,浏河站比浪港站差,近岸比远岸差,丰水期低潮时比高潮时差,浏河站丰水期比枯水期差,浪港站枯水期比丰水期差.其主要受自邻近河道排放水,上海市污水排放和涨落潮污水流向变化的影响,反映了河口区环境的复杂性.

Environmental Organism Investigation and Environmental Quality Assessment of Intakes of Yangtze River, The Second Water Source of Shanghai

The environmental quality of two water intakes in the Yangtze River, the second water source of Shanghai was assessed by using the phase-dividing method of aquatic organisms and saprobe system. Two sampling stations. Liuhe and Langgang, both located on the southern shore of the Estuary of Yangtze River were selected. Investigations of phyto- and zooplankton were conducted at inshore (5 meters deep) and offshore (10 meters deep and upper, lower layers) sections of the stations in low water (Feb. to March) and high water (July) period of 1989, respectively. Results of synthetic assessment showed that these two intakes belonged to B-mesosaprobic Zone, within the area of clean zone. However, the environmental quality of Langgang station is comparatively better than that of Liuhe station; off-shore better than inshore; flood tide of high water period better than the ebb. It was also found that the water quality in low water period at Liuhe station is better than that in high water period, but at Langgang station, the situation is quite the contrary. The water quality was mainly influenced by the flow from the adjacent rivers, by the sewage discharges from Shanghai and by the flowing direction changes of sewage during flood and ebb tide. These reflected the complexity of the estuary environment.