基于数量视角的耕地保护政策绩效评价

耕地保护政策的绩效评价是我国粮食安全及土地调控的重要课题。本文基于数量保护的视角,采用数据包络分析法(DataEnvelopment Analysis,简称DEA)评价了我国2000-2007年的耕地保护政策绩效,测度对象主要为耕地总量动态平衡、土地用途管制、耕地执法监管政策。研究结果显示,耕地保护政策在数量保护上具有总体效率高(2002年除外)、规模效率递增或保持、纯技术效率高的表征,但是,规模效率、纯技术效率与总体效率不能很好拟合且三项效率的综合具有分层性,只有耕地总量动态平衡达到了最佳产出。进而得出结论:2000-2007年,耕地保护政策取得了耕地总量平衡、耕地基本数量维持、建设占用耕地趋缓、耕地违法减少的显著效果,然而,耕地保护政策绩效的年度差异、政策时滞及体制等影响因素的复杂、投入和产出的部分饱和亦表明绩效的不充分。为促进我国耕地保护政策绩效的提升,提出强化土地利用总体规划作用、建立耕地保护责任制度等建议,并对进一步研究作了展望。

Performance Evaluation on the Policies of Cultivated Land Protection in China from the Perspective of Quantity Protection

Performance evaluation on the policies of cultivated land protection is an important issue about current food security and land use regulation in China.From the perspective of quantity protection,the article evaluates the performance of policies of cultivated land protection from 2000 to 2007 based on data envelopment analysis.Policies including dynamic equilibrium of the total cultivated land and land use control as well as land law enforcement are measured.The result shows overall efficiencies are higher except efficiency in 2002,scale efficiencies decrease or are stable and pure technical efficiencies are higher,but they are not fit with each other well. Moreover,the integrated value of the three efficiencies is hierarchical and only the output of the dynamic balance of cultivated land is the best.It is concluded that from 2000 to 2007 cultivated land protection achieves significant performance in the dynamic balance of cultivated land, the maintenance of the amount of cultivated land, the alleviation of cultivated land use for construction, and the decrease of illegal occupation of cultivated land.However,annual performance differences,the complexity of the affected factors such as policy lag and insititution,and the part saturation of inputs and outputs show that the perfomance is inadequate.In order to improve the performance of cultivated land protection policy,the article gives some suggestions such as strengthening the role of land-use planning and establishing the cultivated land protection responsibility system.