性别和暴露时间对全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）暴露后斑马鱼基因表达的影响

全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）是全氟和聚氟烷基物质（PFASs）人造类别中的一员，是全世界在水体、人类、哺乳动物和鱼类中最常检测到的PFAS之一。斑马鱼（Danio rerio）是一种小型淡水鱼类，被认为是研究化合物毒性的合适的脊椎动物模型。先前的研究表明，雄性和雌性斑马鱼中脂肪酸结合蛋白（fabps）的组织特异性生物蓄积和表达的改变可能是由于PFAS和脂肪酸转运体之间的相互作用。此外，有报道显示人类和动物暴露于PFAS后导致神经系统的影响。因此，本研究旨在探讨PFOS暴露是否影响斑马鱼肝脏、肠道、心脏和卵巢脂肪酸代谢相关基因（fabp1a、fabp2和fabp10a），以及大脑和肌肉中涉及神经系统的基因（ChAT、ngf、bdnf、AChE和hdac6）的表达。结果表明，与脂肪酸代谢和神经功能相关的基因表达随暴露浓度和性别的变化而变化。此外，我们的发现强调了这些基因的表达随暴露时间的不同而不同。我们的研究结果将PFOS作用的知识基础扩展到其他组织，而不是仅限于研究较为透彻的肝脏。这项调查结果为今后研究PFOS作为环境中最丰富的PFAS之一的潜在风险提供了依据。

Impacts of sex and exposure duration on gene expression in zebrafish following perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) exposure

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a member of the anthropogenic class of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs), and is one of the most frequently detected PFAS in water, humans, mammals, and fish around the world. The zebrafish (Danio rerio), is a small freshwater fish considered an appropriate vertebrate model for investigating the toxicity of compounds. Previous investigations showed tissue-specific bioaccumulation and alterations in the expression of fatty acid binding proteins (fabps) in male and female zebrafish, potentially due to interactions between PFAS and fatty acid transporters. In addition, a number of neurological impacts have been reported as a result of human and animal exposure to PFAS. Therefore, this comprehensive study was designed to investigate whether PFOS exposure affects the expression of genes associated with fatty acid metabolism (fabp1a, fabp2, and fabp10a) in zebrafish liver, intestine, heart, and ovary and genes involved in the nervous system (ChAT, ngf, bdnf, AChE, and hdac6) in brain and muscle. Results indicate alterations in expression of genes associated with fatty acid metabolism and neural function that vary with both exposure concentration and sex. Additionally, our findings highlight that the expression of these genes differ according to exposure duration. Our results extend the knowledge base on PFOS effects to other tissues less often studied than the liver. The findings of this investigation provide a basis for future studies on the potential risks of PFOS as one of the most abundant PFAS in the environment.