事故致因理论的研究与应用简评

阐明事故致因理论的重要性和应用情况对于促进其发展、应用及提高事故预防效果十分重要。通过分析国内外的重要观点得知,安全科学是事故预防的科学,事故致因理论是发现事故原因、有效预防事故的工具,当然具有特别的重要性;但事故致因理论研究在我国开展较晚,所以目前的研究与应用并不充分。综合以往文献,给出了事故致因理论的实质性科学含义是事故的原因定义、原因间、原因与事故间的逻辑关系,它们可形象地综合表达为事故致因模型,其获取过程中不可或缺的方法是对以往事故案例的原因分析;通过观察安全管理实务认识到,社会组织要有效管理其安全健康和环保业务,选择一种事故致因模型作为总体思路且连续运转,十分必要。

A Brief Review on the Study and Application of Accident Causation Theory

It is very important to clarify the importance and its applications of accident causation theory for promoting its research, application and improving the effect of accident prevention. Through the analysis of the important viewpoints, it is known that safety science is the science of accident prevention, and accident causation theory is the tool to discover the causes of accidents and effectively prevent accidents, of course, it is of special importance;but the research on accident causation theory is relatively late in China, so the current research and application are not sufficient. Based on literature review, the scientific meaning of accident causation theory is given, which is the logical relationship between causes and an accident. They can be visually integrated into accident causation models. The reliable way of obtaining them is to accident case studies. From practices of EHS management, it is recognized that it is quite necessary for an organization to follow just one accident causation model to operate its EHS management process.