环境规制对中国区域绿色经济效率的影响机理研究——基于超效率模型和空间面板计量模型实证分析

基于2000~2015年中国各地区面板数据，在构建绿色经济效率测度指标体系的基础上，运用超效率DEA模型测算中国绿色经济效率，通过对所构建模型普通线性回归得到的残差进行Moran’I指数的计算和检验，发现其存在显著的正相关性，并在此基础上利用空间计量模型分析环境规制水平及其他相关因素对绿色经济效率的影响。结果表明：（1）2000~2015年中国东中西部绿色经济效率和环境规制水平均呈波动上升趋势，并且伴有较为明显的空间差异性特征。但随着时间的推移，各区域绿色经济效率与环境规制水平差异有所减小，呈现收敛的趋势。（2）绿色经济效率与环境规制水平基本呈现出东部地区>中部地区>西部地区的空间分异特征，并随着时间推移两者均出现空间结构不断优化、区域差异逐渐收敛等向好趋势。（3）环境规制水平对绿色经济效率的影响呈现一个先促进后抑制的倒“U”型过程，其中，东中西部地区的环境规制水平对绿色经济效率的影响分别处于不同的阶段；经济发展水平、产业结构高级化和科研水平与绿色经济效率呈现显著的正相关关系，而利用外资水平与绿色经济效率则呈现显著的负相关关系。

Study on the Influence Mechanism of Environmental Regulation on Green Economy Efficiency in China-Empirical Analysis Based on Super Efficiency Model and Spatial Panel Metering Model

Environmental regulation, which is the sum of policies and measures to be implemented for the purpose of environmental protection, has a complex impact on green economic efficiency. At the same time, a reasonable environmental regulation level is an important way to promote green economic efficiency. In this paper, the super-efficiency model is used to measure the green economic efficiency of China, and the Moran’s Index is applied to measure the spatial correlation of green economic efficiency and the environmental regulation level in China. Furthermore, the Spatial Econometric Model is used to analyze the environmental regulation level and other related factors’ impact on green economic efficiency. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The green economic efficiency and environmental regulation level in eastern, central and western China show a fluctuating upward trend accompanied by significant spatial differences. However, the gaps of green economic efficiency and environmental regulation level among these regions would be reduced, showing a trend of convergence. (2) The level of green economy efficiency and environmental regulation shows spatial differences, and the difference in eastern region is more significant than central region, then western region. Over time, the spatial structure would be optimized and the regional differences would be converged. (3) The impact of environmental regulation on green economic efficiency is an inverted-U shape, and the influences in eastern, central and western regions are at different stages. Economic growth, industrial structure and scientific research have a significant positive effect on green economic efficiency, while the use of foreign capital has a significant negative correlation with green economic efficiency.