绿色技术创新、产业集聚与生态效率——以长江经济带城市群为例

运用包含非期望产出的非径向、非角度的DEA模型对2005~2015年长江经济带城市群的生态效率进行测算，通过Tobit模型实证分析了绿色技术创新对生态效率的影响、产业集聚与绿色技术创新的关联效应对生态效率的影响。结果显示：长江经济带生态效率水平具有明显的梯级差异；绿色技术创新对生态效率的显著正向作用发生在整体层面和下游地区；在产业集聚引导下，整体及下游地区的绿色技术创新对生态效率的正向作用有所增强，上游地区的绿色技术创新未因产业集聚而改变对生态效率的影响。在此基础上，提出解释这一现象的可能途径是处于产业集聚初级阶段的政府主导型集聚使企业倾向于低成本战略，而处于产业集聚高级阶段的市场诱致型集聚会激发企业的创新意愿采用差异化战略。依据结论提出缩小长江经济带生态效率不平衡状况的政策建议。

Green Technology Innovation,Industrial Agglomeration and Ecological Efficiency —A Case Study of Urban Agglomerations on Yangtze River Economic Belt

In this paper, Eco-efficiency of Urban Agglomerations of Yangtze River Economic Belt during 2005~2015 was calculated by non-radial and non-oriented DEA model with undesirable out-put. The impact on Eco-efficiency of green technology innovation and of which in correlation effects with industrial agglomeration was analyzed by Tobit Model. The results showed that the Eco-efficiency of Yangtze River Economic Belt had significant cascade differences and the positive impact of green technology innovation could only be seen evidently on the whole level and particularly within downstream area. With industrial cluster growing, green technology innovation had a growing positive impact on Eco-efficiency on the whole level and downstream area, and hardly affected on upstream area. It might have been the strategic difference that led to such situation, which was low-level industrial agglomeration conducted by authorities tended to perform low-cost strategy while high-level market oriented industrial agglomeration tended to perform differentiation strategy inspired by innovation. Based on the results and the analysis, some policy suggestions was proposed to balance the Eco-efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt.