淀山湖河蚬翘嘴红鲌国家级水产种质资源保护区翘嘴鲌产卵场现状

为了对淀山湖河蚬翘嘴红鲌国家级水产种质资源保护区翘嘴鲌禁渔期、禁渔区域的设定及种质资源保护提供参考资料。2016年5~8月，对此湖鱼卵和仔稚鱼的时空分布特征即产卵场及其与环境因子的关系进行了研究。调查表明：共采集到鱼卵 4 463 粒，仔稚鱼 43 012 尾，分属6目9科19属21种，采集到的鱼卵、仔稚鱼中翘嘴鲌C.alburnus个体数分别占比为4.16%、 3.98%。产卵初始时间为6月13日，捕获截止日期为8月17日。翘嘴鲌密度的相对比例在7月中下旬及8月初出现峰值。调查期间，产卵水温均在25.9℃ 以上，其中产卵盛期水温在29.3~34.3℃。翘嘴鲌产卵易发生在暴雨初晴的夜晚，水位上涨的过程，当水位达 2 m，其他条件适宜情况下大量产卵。翘嘴鲌产卵密度与水温、水位关系密切（P<0.01）。根据早期资源结果、人工鱼巢收集到的鱼卵和捕获处于排卵期的翘嘴鲌亲鱼，推断出保护区1号(千灯浦桥)水域、2号(梅浜)水域和7号(南生浜)水域为翘嘴鲌的产卵场。

Investigation of Culter alburnus Spawning Ground in the Aquatic Germplasm National Reserve of Corbiculafluminea Culter alburnus,Dianshan Lake

In order to provide basis for the regulation of closed fishing seasons and areas, and for protection of germplasm resources, spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of spawning eggs, larvae and juveniles were studied in the Aquatic Germplasm National Reserve of Corbiculafluminea Culter alburnus, Dianshan Lake, from May to August 2016. The results showed that 4463 fish eggs were collected totally, 43012 larvae and juveniles were identified, belonging to 6 orders, 9 families, 19 genuses and 21 species. In addition, the number of individuals caught in fish eggs and in larval fish was approximately 4.16% and 3.98%, respectively. Interestingly, the spawning starts on June 13 while capture is banned on August 17. The relative proportion of the C. alburnus peaked in the mid late July and early August. During the survey, the spawning water temperature was above 25.9℃, and increased to 29.3-34.3℃ during the spawning peak. It is prone that the C. alburnus spawn in clear nights just after rain when the water level rises, and the fish begin to spawn actively when the water level is up to 2 m and other conditions are appropriate. The result also showed that the spawning density of the C. alburnus has a close relation to water temperature and water level (P<0.01). According to the results of the early resources, the collected eggs in artificial fish nests, and the sampled brood brooders in ovulation period, it was concluded that No. 1（Qian deng pu qiao), No. 2(Mei bang), and No. 7(Nan shen bang) waters were the spawning grounds for the C. alburnus.