大都市区城乡空间边界演化识别方法研究——以南京市为例

城乡空间边界识别是区分城乡地域、划定城市增长边界的科学基础，城乡边界动态演化方法一直是地理学研究的重要内容之一。以南京市1985~2016年土地利用、二三产业增加值和人口密度数据为基础，选取景观紊乱度和建设用地占比为形态指标，二三产业增加值和人口密度为功能指标，从形态和功能两个维度构建城乡空间边界识别的指标体系，利用公里网格对各个指标进行切分后依据距离衰减理论和“断裂点”分析方法来识别南京市的不同阶段城乡边界及其演化过程。结果表明：(1)1985~2000年南京城市扩张以内部填充为主，城乡边界变化较为缓慢；2000~2016年城镇建设用地迅速扩张，城乡边界变化幅度较大；(2)南京市城乡空间边界在不同阶段呈现出不同的扩张特点，与不同发展阶段的发展模式密切相关，城市国有经济和乡村工业化阶段城乡边界变化较慢，快速城市化和开放型经济阶段城乡边界变化较快；(3)南京作为特大城市，城镇化及城乡融合发展水平较高，以南京为例检验城乡边界演化识别方法具有一定的代表性，也有利于为其他大都市区城乡空间边界识别提供参考借鉴。

Identification Method of Urban-Rural Space Boundary Evolution in the Metropolitan Area：A Case Study Of Nanjing

As a scientific basis for distinguishing urban and rural areas and demarcating the boundary of urban growth, the demarcation of the urban-rural space and dynamic evolution of urban-rural boundaries has always been one of the important aspects of geography research. Based on the data of land use, added value of secondary and tertiary industries, and population density of Nanjing from 1985 to 2016, this paper employs morphological and functional indicators, measured respectively by landscape disorder and construction land proportion as well as Population density and industrial added value, to identify the urban-rural space boundary. By dividing the indicators into kilometer grids, this paper applies “distance attenuation” and "breaking point" method to examine the evolution of the urban-rural space boundary. The results show that: (1) The urban-rural space boundary of Nanjing exhibits distinct expansion within 2000-2016, while the first stage (1985 to 2000) is characterized by infilling expansion and the second stage (2000 to 2016) is mainly dominated by spread expansion, the change rate in the second stage is significantly higher than that of the first stage. (2) The space boundary of urban-rural in Nanjing show different characteristics of expansion and most closely related to the development model at different stages, it’s change slowly in the urban state-owned economy and rural industrialization stage, and change rapidly in the rapid urbanization and open economy stage. (3) As a megacity, Nanjing has a high level of development in urbanization and urban-rural integration, and it is universal to use this area as an example to test the evolutionary identification method of urban-rural space boundary, and that can be applied to the identification of urban-rural space boundary in the rapidly developing metropolitan areas.