Overview of the relationship between organizational and workplace factors and injury rates |
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| Authors: | Harry S Shannon Janet Mayr Ted Haines |
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| Institution: | aDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics; and Occupational Health Program, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5;bInstitute for Work and Health, 250 Bloor Street East, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M4W 1E6;cDepartment of Sociology, McMaster University, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5;dLAMP Occupational Health Program, Etobicoke, Ontario, Canada |
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| Abstract: | This paper summarizes data from ten studies examining the relationship between organizational and workplace factors and injury rates. The studies were identified from a systematic literature search, as well as from other sources, and were included if they reported comparisons among at least 20 workplaces. Factors that were examined in at least two studies were identified. Their relationship with injury rates was determined. It was not possible to make quantitative comparisons between studies. We looked for ‘consistency’ or ‘contradiction’ in the relationships. Among the variables ‘consistency’ associated with lower injury rates were: empowerment of the workforce (in general matters); delegation of safety activities; and an active role (in health and safety) of top management. Among the ‘contradictory’ variables were the level and use of discipline for safety violations; and several others that were contradictory only in subgroups of the same study. We discuss the limitations of synthesizing results from the diverse studies. |
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